| China is a country with many geological disasters. According to statistics, every year landslides cause the economic losses amounted to billions of dollars. And the same time, it cause thousands of deaths. Landslide seriously threats people's lives and property. The existing landslide monitoring technology and methods with high equipment costs, poor performance, and lowly real-time seriously affects a wide range of layout of monitoring equipment and the monitoring results. Wireless sensor networks is a new means of information acquisition, and it has been widely used in all areas of life, which makes it possibly to use wireless sensor networks to monitor landslides. Therefore, in allusion to the weakness of existing landslides monitoring technology and the actual needs of monitoring landslides, a landslide monitoring and warning system is developed and designed. It achieve sensor data real-time collection, reliable transmission, node networks, remote data transmission and data queries.From the present situation of landslides monitoring, in allusion to the deficiency of current monitoring methods and techniques, landslides monitoring and warning systems based on wireless sensor networks has been proposed. In addition, in allusion to the harsh landslides environment and the performance for landslide monitoring system, an improved minimum hop routing protocol has been proposed. It has reduced energy consumption, data transmission delay, increased network robustness, improved the node layout and networking flexibility. In order to achieve the remote transmission of data, GPRS wireless communications has been used to transmit monitoring data. Combined with remote monitoring center, data has been real-timely displayed, queried and saved. Landslide has been forecasted and warned.This paper includes the following five main areas:Firstly, study situation of the landslide monitoring techniques was studied, the development of wireless sensor network technology and the research of its application on monitoring landslides was analyzed. Secondly, overall structure of monitoring system for landslides was designed. The software and hardware design of the terminal node and routing node was clarified. , details the hardware and software design of sink node was detailed.Thirdly, the wireless sensor network routing protocols was studied. The strengths and weaknesses of the minimum hop routing protocols was detailedly analysed. In allusion to the actual needs of landslide monitoring, and the minimum hop routing protocol was designed and improved. Lastly, a remote monitoring center architecture was designed. Software design and function each functional module was introduced. The system test results shew that the system collected sensor data accurately, the system was stable, the network was flexible and the monitoring system had good value in use. |
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