Research And Design Of Remote Monitoring System Of Oil Well Based On Wireless Sensor Networks

The oil pumping unit detection system can be used to grasp the working conditions of oil well in time, achieve unattended operation and the automation surveillance of oil well system, overcome all the shortcomings, such as the inconvenience of the traffic,dispersive location,the large labor intensity of testing and maintenance personnel, improve labor efficiency and reduce production costs. Because the existing oil pumping unit detection system is very expensive and has communication blind area, which is disadvantageous to the information construction of the oil field production management. To solve this problem, an oil well monitoring system is designed based on wireless sensor network in this paper.In this paper, through requirements analysis of oil monitoring system, ZigBee and GPRS are introduced, and their advantages are combined, the application of wireless network based on ZigBee and GPRS in oil monitoring system is researched, a suitable network topology of oil monitoring system is designed. The network includes acquisition and transmission communication based on ZigBee and long-distance communications based on GPRS two parts. The procedure of establishing ZigBee network is described, the manner of establish and join networks is studied, the characteristics and basic theory of GPRS technology are described, the feasibility of conversion between ZigBee protocol data and TCP/IP protocol data in GPRS with each other is discussed, and the ZigBee and GPRS gateway node is designed.The wireless Microcontrollers is JN5139, combining with sensor module, GPRS module, serial communication module, display and other devices to build hardware platform, such as gateway node,collection and control node,PDA, construct ZigBee network, achieve the acquisition and transmission of oil pumping unit data. The system software completes the control functions of network coordination, data acquisition, wireless transceiver, LCD display and serial communication etc. The module design method is used to design the various function modules. In this paper, the system has two characteristics compared with the exiting detection system:Firstly, the short-range communication based on wireless sensor network, combining with the remote communication based on GPRS network, make advantages of them complement with each other. Secondly, gateway node bind the other sensor node with them only 64-bit MAC address for precise control.Through experimentation, the system is stable, operates reliably with high accuracy and has friendly human computer interface, the lagged data is in the scope of system requires. When the system is applied in the oil field, it can realize the information and automation of the production management in the oil field, and it can cut down the cost of oil field and bring much practical value in industrial production. However, in the view of production safety and facility, the function of remote video surveillance should be increased in this system, therefore we need to further improve the system.