Research And Improve Of Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol Based On LEACH

In recent years, with the development of technology of sensors, embedded computer, energy-saving, wireless communication and network, the wireless sensor network which is composed with the sensor with the ability of data processing, sense and short-range wireless communication has aroused great interest. The wireless sensor network with a lot of sensor nodes has been widely and successfully used on military, environment, medicine, family and other business areas, because of its convenient layout, self-organization and strong ability to adapt to environment. Because of the sensor node's power is limited, and is difficult to replace, the primary goal of the design of wireless sensor network is to decrease the whole power consumption of the network.In wireless sensor network, the basic requirement is that the node can send its data to correct destination with less time and lower power consumption, and the node can also complete auto repair when the data transfer path has changed. These basic requirements are achieved in wireless sensor network protocol, whose main task is to establish the energy-efficient optimization path, and transfer data to collection node reliably. Currently the research of routing protocol has become the hot issues in the field of wireless sensor network.The article has firstly introduced the composition, characteristics, key technologies and applications of wireless sensor networks. Secondly, introduced several typical flat and hierarchical routing protocols in wireless sensor network, summarized the advantages and disadvantages of different protocols, and analyzed the advantages of clustering protocol. Again, the article has analyzed the LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) routing protocol from the clustering method, the agreement work processes, algorithms and so on thoroughly, studied on three important performance parameters which affected the performance of LEACH protocol, and then presented some problems to be solved. Finally, the article has presented a new multi-hop clustering routing algorithm for non-uniform based on the residual energy, and has solved the problem of un-considered of residual energy and the uneven distribution of cluster head in LEACH protocol. With NS2 network simulation software, the article has finally implemented the simulation program of the new routing protocol. Through the experiment in a variety of test scenarios and compare with the simulation result of LEACH protocol, the new algorithm can extend the network lifetime cycle and improve the total data received at the base station more than 30% in average.