The Research And Simulation About Routing Protocols In Field Environment Of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is a kind of Ad-hoc network which uses wireless sensor node for the transmission as node. And the node is density, low-cost and random distribution, which make the entire network with a high degree of self-organization, strong fault tolerance. Damage and failure of individual nodes will not affect the entire network, which makes wireless sensor networks is very suitable for battle field environments. Otherwise, the characters of the battle field environment produce new challenges.In wireless sensor network, the number of nodes is very large, and the nodes are battery-powered that makes energy of the node is very limited. So we must take the appropriate energy-saving measures. In addition to effective energy conservation, to extend the network lifetime, some others are needed in battle field environment such as routing time and cost and information reliability. In view of domestic and international research on sensor networks matures, the author analyzes and compares several types of wireless sensor network routing protocols, to meet the actual needs of the harsh, we combine the advantages of integration of protocols, to design a wireless sensor network routing protocols based on field environment network -RPBFE(Routing protocol in battle field environment).The actual environment of battlefield contains harsh battlefield environment, vast of battlefield, malicious attacks and destructive and so many strong outstanding requirements, so design of this requires to meet the special circumstances of the battlefield. This protocol could have anti-destroy ability, can frequent network topology, and can cover a large scale of battle space. When making specific design, we also should consider of the routing time, number of hops, the network life of cycle, stubborn and reliability of the information and so many actual memory requirements.This protocol is a routing protocol based on level. Making use of consultation mechanisms, the network is divided into multiple clusters. Cluster head node plays two roles, first, the node senses information itself as a collection of data; Second, to receive data as the control node from other nodes within the cluster, fusion pass Sink node. Ordinary nodes amass information in the network and data to the cluster head node. Passive route discovery mechanism, a dynamic partitioning strategy class clusters together with multi-strategy data fusion technology which allows the network to achieve low energy consumption while maintaining high throughput and a longer life cycle.The protocol of network is designed by the specific message to the network through the generation and maintenance. The packet designed can establish the network, divide the network and select the cluster head, report network status and the status of change of the network environment and re-division networks. Based on the size of the network and application needs, according to the sensor node position and energy of the plane, we had equal status of the sensor nodes, divided into different levels. The main level is divided into areas and reasonable division of the network, in order to make the best sensor for sensing nodes within the same level to achieve that energy consumption is minimized. When a node fails, the sensor network needs to detect this change and adjust routes accordingly, the agreement achieved by the route maintenance process route adjustments. Re-routing and route maintenance using are two strategies to maintain the local cluster.The protocol use secondary data fusion strategies for data transmission. When transmitting data, the first node from the perception of network information to determine the changes in perception, when the network of environmental information has changed when the node changes the perception of data sent to the cluster head node; If there's no change in the environment for information, the node will update its perception of information and integration with local information, but not sent to the networks. Cluster head node and then sends the received information fusion. It use secondary data fusion to reduce network traffic and reduce network energy consumption and extend the cycle network to improve network efficiency.Based on the above work, the OPNET platform, designed and implemented the simulation system model, also two experimental programs were set to verify the correctness of the algorithm, the feasibility and effectiveness. Through with several other wireless sensor network routing protocols to compare the dynamic clustering structure of wireless sensor network routing protocols with lower energy consumption and better energy-efficiency, which proves the protocol basically reached the goal of routing protocol design.Wireless sensor networks research has entered a substantive stage of the test of practice, it is through the mass production of custom sensors, and was used widely in real life, process of production and research in various fields in order to deepen people's understanding of sensor networks, and with practice to test our theoretical results. In actual usage, the real condition is more complex, functionality and adaptability of the system was put forward higher requirements, in view of this, the emergence of new problems is our research to resolve the outstanding issues in the future. Especially the modern battlefield environment, with high-tech development, fighting styles and tactics means more and more than before, for example, in a complex electromagnetic environment, network communications, but also a series of research in wireless sensor networks with the practical application of the war is now closely related. The achievement of Sensor networks today is certainly pleased, but the actual difficulties and challenges also draw our attention. The study of the sensor is on the way, we need to move on and make efforts.