Research On Relationships Among Job Stress, Social Support, And Job Burnout Of University Teachers

The term of"job burnout"was firstly mentioned by the American Freudenberger in 1974. He thought that the job burnout was the exhaustion status of highly stress without the individual request. Subsequently, the research in the field was considered by the public and then extended to the educational filed. The job burnout consisted of three compartments, which were emotional exhaustion, the individual emotion was in the status of extremely tired and forfeiting the job enthusiasm; non-humanization, the individuals entertained the visitors with the attitude of negative, sackless; low successful emotion, the individual evaluating self sense and value was decreased.Teacher vocation was regarded as the highly stressful career. The problems related to the job stress and burnount could not be explained clearly. Generally, the relationships between the job stress and burnount were the cause and effect. The job stress was the direct reason of the individual job burnout. So the job stress resulted in the job burnount. The relative point showed that the relationship between the job stress and burnount was not the simple cause and effect. Actually, the relationship was much complex than that. Nowadays, the research on job burnount was only limited in the high and pupil school field. The research on the job burnount of university teachers was little and the theoretic and practical points were not mature.This research selected teachers working in Shandong Jianzhu University as subjects, taked random samples in different levels and gathered the factors by questionnaires. 300 questionnaires were distributed and 292 questionnaires were returned. The rate of valid returns was 91.3%. The purpose of this research was to use empirical method to know the job stress and burnount status of high vocational university teachers; to discuss such influential factors as coping manners, self-efficiency and social support and also the influence of demonology on job stress and burnount; provided some references and suggestions about developing a teacher-oriented concept of morden management creating a teacher-friendly environment and implementing scientific management. Conclusions were drawn as the following:(1)Most teachers considered their career pressure was excessively great. But the job burnount was not much serious. The stress of male teacher was higher than that of female.(2)The university management and teachers'salaries, interpersonal relationship, duties of role, students'factors, interpersonal factors, and workload were all played significant role in the field of age. Totally, the much pressure the older. In the field of students'factors, the degree of teching played the significant role, and the much pressure the higher degree. During the job periods, all the factors mentioned above played the significant roles, and the much pressure the longer working time. The salaries and the stress of teachers with administrative role was higher than that without administrative role. In the field of title, the factors mentioned above paly the significant roles, and the much pressure the higher title. In the field of students factors, the working amount palyed the significant role, the less pressure the less job burnout.(3)The emotional exhaustion played the significant role in the age field, and the emotional exhaustion much serious the older. The emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low sccessful sense played the significant role in the working time, and the much serious the longer. The teachers with administrative role palyed less important role than that without ones in the field of low successful sense. The emotional exhaustion played the significant role in the title, and the much serious the higher.(4)The conclusions related to the job stress and social support showed that the influential factors related to the job stress were university management and teachers'salaries, duties of role, career prospects, students'factors, personal relationship, and workload, which were all positively related to the emotional exhaustion; university management and teachers'salaries, interpersonal relationship, career prospects, students'factors, workload were all positively related to the depersonalization; career prospects, duties of role, workload were significant related to the low sense of success, the duties of role and the workload presented the negative corrections.(5)The result of hierarchical regression of various dimensionalities showed that the university management, teachers'salaries, interpersonal relationship and impersonal support played the predictive role in the emotional exhaustion. And the impersonal support played the negative predictive role in the depersonalization. The statistical results showed that the interpersonal factors and impersonal supports played the significant predictive role in the depersonalization, and the impersonal support played the negative predictive role in the interpersonal relationship. The statitical results of the low successful sense showed that the workload, interpersonal factors and the impersonal supports played the significant predictive role in the low successful sense, and the impersonal support played the positive predictive role in the low successful sense.(6)The social supports played the adjustment role in the job stress and burnount.