Research On The Vulnerability And Optimization Of Athletes' Sustainable Livelihood Capital

Athletes belong to a special group of people who are engaged in high-risk jobs. Along with China's socialist market economy reform, the athletes'vulnerability of livelihood capital is becoming more and more obvious than ever before. Being poorly educated, most retired athletes are less competitive in the re-employment market. Moreover, because of the limited scope of retired athlete resettlement compensation, social insurance for retired athletes has not been included into China's national social security system yet, so most athletes are under insufficient protection and can not even keep basic standard of living after retirement. Additionally, retired athletes usually have few interpersonal or social relationships that they can take advantage to find a satisfying job after retirement. Due to foresaid three reasons, retired athletes lack of livelihood capital seriously. This not only undermines the long-term interests and overall development of athletes, but also hampers the sustainable development of China's competitive sports and affects the construction of harmonious society. This paper gives an in-depth study on the sustainable livelihood capital of athletes in Liaoning Province and puts forward relevant improvement suggestions. Therefore, this thesis provides references for the government to optimize athletes'livelihood capital.Through the empirical research on the vulnerability of athletes'sustainable livelihood capital, taking typical athletes as examples and combining the actual situation of retires athletes, this paper analyzes the vulnerability of athletes'livelihood capital based on case studies and systemic research. Upon a questionnaire survey of retired athletes from Liaoning Sports Technology School and using factor analysis, reliability testing, correlation analysis, regression analysis and other statistical methods, the thesis analyzes the reasons that cause the vulnerability of athletes'livelihood capital. Meanwhile, it provides some measures to optimize the livelihood capital of athletes in Liaoning Province on the basis of current problems with respect to athletes'sustainable livelihood capital.The major research results indicate that employment placement and social security, educational background and social relationships, sport differences, social security funds and vocational training are the key factors that affect the livelihood capital of retired athletes, and meanwhile, there are significant correlations between the five key factors and athletes'human capital, financial capital and social capital.The incomplete reemployment placement and social security system, the lack of education and social relationships, the difference between sport genres and grades, and the delayed compensation of social insurance, and the blindness of vocational training are the main reasons why retired athletes are hard to be reemployed and are weak in terms of livelihood capital.Based on an in-depth study of sustainable livelihood theory, this paper offers some suggestions to optimize the sustainable livelihood capital of the athletes in Liaoning Province: build a new culture educates system of combination of physical education and cultural education, enhance the athlete's cultural capital; build "before prevention - health care for disabled - retired rehabilitation compensation "integrated security system, increase the health of athletes' capital; establish the economic development compatible with the retirement compensation system, and build multi-level athletes the social security system, improve the athletes financial capital; construct social support system for athletes' career transition, and mining Comprehensive network of social relations, social capital rich athletes, combination of physical education and cultural education .