"The Polemic Between Zhang And Ai" And The Evolution Of The History Of Literature In The Late Ming

Controversy between Zhang Cai and Ai Nanying has been longly regarded as "The Polemic between Chen and Ai" which attracted much attention.The controversy is an important literary event that took place in the process of restructuring influence in the literary world at the end of the Ming,which directly related to the evolution of literary societies' situation of the late Ming as well as the style trend of the whole literary world in the late Ming and early Qing.This thesis focuses on the topic of the controversy,making a comprehensive and informative research on the specific origins, course and final of the controversy,and the controversy protagonists'thought roots the literary purposes,as well as their relations with the evolution of literature in the late Ming.On the basis of studying relevant historical materials in detail,you can have a comprehensive and systematic cognition about "The Polemic between Zhang and Ai":The protagonist of the controversy in the part of the Society of Classical Learning Restoration is not Chen Zilong but "Zhang and Zhang",Zhang Cai in particular.The orientation of adopting to the Qin and Han Dynasty's artistic method or adopting the Tang and Song Dynasty's artistic method both distorts the nature of the controversy.There exists a close causal link between "The Polemic between Chen and Ai" and the brewing,the birth,the rise of the society of classical learning restoration,which is basically synchronized.The course of Zhang,Ai controversy can be divided into three stages:First,the beginning of micro-world:situation of the Society of Ying hastens controversy;Second,keep pace:the Society of Guang Ying impacts on Yu Zhang force;Third,settle down:"The Polemic between Chen and Ai" end ends up the Society of Classical Learning Restoration.There are huge differences in the rationale between Zhang and Ai,For the academic purposes,Zhang Cai respects Zhu and Wang while Mr.Ai reveres Cheng and Zhu alone;For the course of governance,Zhang Cai integrates Han and Song,Mr. Ai clings to Song.Those are the sources which is the source of controversy that reflects the society leaders' confusion and disunity in solving and exploring to learn and ideas on governance at the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Zhang and Ai reach a consensus on the concept of restoring ancient literature, advocating ancient classics,etc.However,the differences are obvious:On the Origins of restoring ancient literature,Zhang Cai thinks believes that all previous dynasties are all should be respected;On the contrary,Ai Nanying only give respects to Taige.On creative concepts,Zhang Cai emphasizes "the revitalization of the world" and advocates imitating the Qin and Han Dynasty's literary theory directly,while Mr.Ai gives more attention to "divine truth","justice law" and advocates paragraph writing are should be changed from Tang and Song Dynasty to Qin and Han Dynasty.Society leaders' high prestige,sound and perfect organization system and successful "united front" strategy were formed in the process of "The Polemic between Zhang and Ai",and directly determined the ending of Zhang-Ai controversy in turn, which play played a positive role in promoting the rise of the society of classical learning restoration and thus impact impacted on the developing trend of literary societies in the late Ming to some extent.In conclusion,"The Polemic between Zhang and Ai" relates to the big wave and situation of the political movements in the late Ming and the evolution of the history of literature in the late Ming and early Qing.Therefore,the significance of the research can not be underestimated.