Survey Of Oral Health Status Among High Land Troops And Florae Diversity Experimental Study Of Highland Periodontal Disease, Additionally With Epidemiological Investigation

Background and Objectives:Periodontitis has features of wide prevalence, concealing attack,gradual invasion and long-lasting course of disease, which has close relation with general health. Morbidity rate of periodontitis under highland environment is significantly higher than other areas (70.2%). The highland population and stationary force of our country rank first in the world; however, the fundamental research on this aspect is scare. Our research aimed at fundamental study of the florae diversity of highland periodontal disease through animal model simulation. By virtue of epidemiology, the expected result is to detect the clinic features of periodontal disease under highland environment and supply theory evidence for prophylaxis.Since the morbidity rate of highland periodontal disease is higher and its development is under the composite regulation of local and general factors. Whether the plateau climate could influence the development of periodontal disease as well as other oral cavity disease? And what is difference of oral cavity health level of highland residents compared with plain country? Therefore the value of study of oral cavity health level of highland residents and the epidemic features should be confirmed. Our experiment took the stationary force of different altitude as research subjects and performed epidemiological survey. With the survey data of cognition of oral care, periodontal health status and caries incidence, we analyzed the correlativity between morbidity and altitude or environment, thereby got further knowledge of relation between oral cavity health status and specific environmentThe latest viewpoint about periodontitis argued that regional bacterial infection works as major factor in occurrence and development of periodontitis, and microbe plays as the initiative factor. The gingival success is the major acetone for pathogen, the florae in situ could induce the occurrence of periodontitis. However, the correlation between the higher morbidity rate with particular environment and discrepancy of pathogen is not clearly illustrated. Thus, we established a stable, reliable highland periodontitis animal model to explore that special mechanism and phenomenon of periodontitis under hypoxia environment remains completion and supplement. he animal model was simulated by ligation method and Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was applied to perform diversity analysis on the pathogen florae of highland periodontal disease.Materials and methods:1. Based on the scheme of oral health investigation of arm forces, 1729 soldiers or officials of two infantry force altogether (850 from highland of 3700m altitude and 879 from plain country of 400m altitude) were enrolled into trial. The questionnaire survey for oral cavity health behaviors health behaviors and clinical examination for oral disease(caries tartar, gum bleeding, actinic cheilitis and so on) were performed. SPSS13.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the P value above 0.05 was considered as significance.2. Eighty SD(Sprague - Dawley) rats were randomly assigned into plain control group, plain ligation group, highland control group control group and highland ligation group. Ligation group was performed ligation on first molar of upper jaw and high carbohydrate diet was given to establish animal model of periodontitis. The highland group was put at low pressure oxygen chamber and plain group put under normal environment and diet.3. Clinic indices of first molar periodontitis were tested and specimen of periodontal tissue was sampled. The HE dyeing pathology tissue slice was submitted for microorganism observation. The periodontitis florae diversity was analyzed by PCR-DGGE analysis on gingival sulcus gingival sulcus succus bacteria and sequence analysis was performed in those specific DNA band.Results:â… . Epidemiological survey outcome of oral cavity oral cavity health on highland and plain country arms: 1.Oral cavity health behaviors survey: no statistical difference of oral cavity health behaviors health behaviors such as tooth brushing hour, tooth brushing frequency, postprandial gargling or regular scaling between highland group and plain group were found(P>0.05)2. Caries rate of highland group was 37.2% with DMFT(decayed, missing or filled teeth) of 0.50; plain group was 35.5% with DMFT of 0.39. The DMFT of highland group was significantly higher than plain group ( P<0.05);The detection rate of tartar gum bleeding of highland group was 68.7 % (highland group) and 30.4%(plain group).Furthermore, highland group was revealed that morbidity rate of cheilitis was 80.6, significantly higher than plain group (P <0.05)II. Animal model experimental result:1. All clinic indices of highland group were significantly different from plain ligation group ( P<0.01)2. Pathological results: no pathological change of epithelia and sub epithelia connective tissue or apparent bone resorption of highland control group versus plain group was observed, nor does the osteoclast and lacunae occur. However, reticular degineration, collagen fibre dropsy denaturalization slather inflammatory cell infiltration, periodontal membrane gap broadening and alveolar resorption around teethridge were observed in plateau ligation group. More osteoclasts were detected in bone resorption lacunae in teethridge.III. Experimental result of PCR-DGGE:1. UPGMA similarity cluster analysis on DGGE profiles demonstrated that each groups a high degree of similarity, while similarity between groups is smaller. A significant statistics difference ( p<0.05) of gingival sulcus succus florae genotype distribution was observed between highland group and plain group.2. Diversity indices analysis of DGGE illustrated that florae amplitude of highland group was larger than plain group, and so does ligation group compared with control group (P<0.05).3. Gene sequencing indicated a heterogeniety of dominant florae between highland ligation groups with the result that highland ligation group and plain group. Conclusion:1. The hypoxia enviroment and insufficient medical care assurance is the most important factor about the high caries incidence rate in officers and sodiers in the plateau.2. Because soiders are short of oral health knowledge, health guidance and oral hygiene oral hygiene information should be popularized and reinforced in arms.3. Altitude environment could be successfully simulated by low pressure oxygen chamber and the highland periodontitis animal model could be realized by low pressure oxygen chamer combined with ligation and high-carbohydrate diet. The pathological manifestation complies with the chronic progressive preiodontitis.4. Environmental factor both impacted the bacteria strain genera and bacterial count of gingival sulcus;Significant difference of pathogen diversity and plain periodontitis of highland group gingival sulcus succus was detected.