Study On The Demands And Measurement For The Older Nursing Health Education In The Community Of Changchun

The aging of the population has become a major global public health problem, and the health care of the elderly has already become an important social issue. According to statistics, the proportion of the elderly population over 60 increases at an annual rate of 3.2 percent .In 2000 China's elderly population has reached 130,000,000, accounting for 11% of the total population which accesses to the aging of the country .By the end of 2006, the total population of Changchun is 7,404,000, ,there into ,the number of 60-year-old and older reaches 808,000 of the total population of 10.9 percent, which has entered the ranks of aging cities. The aging of the population makes the burden of family and community, and the elderly on medical, health care, life care and services to a much greater need than other people .They are keen to getting on the causes of disease, treatment, prevention and other areas of knowledge, especially knowledge of self-care is more strongly desired. But only depending on medical care in the hospital can not meet the multi-level and a full range of needs, it is necessary to carry out community nursing health education services to adapt the growing elderly population on the demand for the nursing health knowledge.Nursing health education is a major branch of health education system, which mainly is carried out by the nurses for patients or health care groups have carried out the characteristics of health education activities. It makes the individual and collective behavior change and the environment as focus, according to the characteristics of health problems and changes in the role of the financial and health care and education as one way to take a variety of health education. The core bases on specific knowledge of preventive health care, health care and human way of life philosophy to educate people's health awareness ,to foster and develop good habits and behavior, and to improve the quality of the health and life.ObjectiveBy investigating the needs of nursing health education on 620 elderly in the community of Changchun ,explore the needs of the elderly community年nursing health education in Changchun; analysis the impact factors of the demand for nursing health education; look for the problems of community nursing health education , address the strategy of elderly community nursing health education; provide the reliable references for taking a full round and effective nursing health education oriental in future and improve the health of the elderly ,the quality of life and community health service further.MethodsBy stratified random sampling method, in accordance with the economic development of Changchun, taking six natural areas in three areas of Changchun: Chao yang District, Erdao District and Lvyuan District , then each district randomly selected communities 10-12; each Communities randomly selected 60-year-old and above for 20 elderly; investigating 32 communities in all. Application of self-designed questionnaire, a total of 640 questionnaires were issued, to remove age <60 years old and fill out the incomplete 20 questionnaires, 620 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a pass rate of 97%. Survey:①the general situation of the elderly;②elderly community nursing health educational needs: nursing health education knowledge needs, technology needs , and the demand for the form of nursing health education.③nursing health education-related factors.Adopt of Excel2003 to establish a database, and use statistical software SPSS13.0 to make statistical analysis. The main statistical methods are general descriptive statistics and chi-square test, besides, and it also can sum up, summarize and analyze some of the information directly.ResultThe findings of 620 elderly people in Changchun are:①The high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, cervical disease and chronic diseases diabetes are in the first row of four in the order of elderly to be ill.②The top five of elderly on the demand for health care and education knowledge is prevention care treatment medication and psychological knowledge. The differences on the demand for knowledge of nursing health education among the elderly of varying occupations are significant(P﹤0.05).The differences on the demand for knowledge of nursing health education among the elderly of varying age and culture are not significant(P>0.05).The differences on the demand for psychological knowledge among the elderly of varying sex are significant(P﹤0.05).③The results of the demand for elderly nursing health education technology are: taking blood pressure ranks first, followed by taking temperature, pulse technology and then cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, blood Miriam the use of sugar and simple dressing. The differences on the demand for technology of nursing health education among the elderly of varying age and occupations are significant ( P﹤0.05 ) .The differences on the demand for cardio-pulmonary resuscitation among the elderly of varying sex and the differences on the demand for blood Miriam the use of sugar and simple dressing among the elderly of varying culture are both significant(P﹤0.05).④The demand for the form of nursing health education :the top of five is group lectures, health care talk watching videos training models and popular science books. The differences on the demand for group lectures and watching videos among the elderly of varying occupations are significant. (P﹤0.05)The differences on the demand for watching videos and training models among the elderly of varying sex are significan(tP﹤0.05).The differences on the demand for group lectures and watching videos among the elderly of varying income are significant(P﹤0.05).The differences on the demand for group lectures among the elderly of varying age are significant(P﹤0.05).Conclusion1. Changchun can not be optimistic about the health of the elderly, the mainly chronic diseases is hypertension, coronary heart disease, cervical disease and diabetes。2. The demand for the elderly community nursing health education is stronger and its characters are the demand for a wide range of knowledge needs of diverse technology and diversification in the form of demand.3. The top five of elderly on the demand for nursing health education knowledge is prevention,care,treatment,medication and psychological knowledge.4. Measuring blood pressure ranks first in the demand for nursing health education technology, followed by measuring temperature and pulse technology. The demand for the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation techniques, blood Miriam the use of sugar and simple dressing is also high.5. The favorite forms of nursing health education for elderly are group lectures, health care talk, watching videos ,training models and popular science lectures.6. Age,sex,occupation and culture are the impact factors of nursing health education .7. The lack of knowledge of community nursing , simple content of nursing health education can and the satisfaction needs of the elderly health care and education are the problems of elderly community nursing health education.In response to these circumstances made in Changchun on elder community nursing health education: Followed by an entry point for the needs of the elderly target delivery of a variety of health care and education, adopt flexible and diverse forms of nursing health education and meet the needs of different Community-level health care and educational of the elderly; third, pay attention to health of the elderly community and make efforts to eliminate the negative impact factor of health care and education, help elderly people to change bad habits and way of life, establish the right and health actions ,and improve the health of the elderly and quality of life.