Yield And Quality Formation In Different Types Of Triticale And Their Regulation

For selecting triticale varieties suitable in Jiangsu Province, different genotypes of triticale, from Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, were planted in an ecological adaptability experiment, the effects of plant density on yield and quality of fodder triticale, and the effects of plant density and basal to top dressing N on yield of food triticale were studied on the experimental field of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University from 2001-2003. The main results were as follows.1. Results of the ecological adaptability experiment in JiangsuGrowth period of triticale differed among different varieties, the period was the longest for varieties used as food and fodder, the shortest for varieties used as fodder, and medium for varieties used as food. In the varieties tested, the adaptability of Jingsong 81 used as food was the best, its yield was higher than CKj Yangmaill, so it could be used as fine fodder to plant for demonstration. Zhongsi 237 used as food and fodder could be used as forage from jointing stage to booting stage. OH 1881 could be used as forage from overwintering stage to jointing stage and at anthesis. Both forage and hay yields of triticale used as fodder were high before April 20, after which it is rainy season in Yangzhou and was not suitable for the production of forage.2. Yield and quality of different types of triticale in JiangsuIn this experiment, there was the trend that forage and hay yields increased with the increase of plant density, but forage and hay yields showed difference at differentgrowth stages. Forage yield in the variety Zhongsi237 used as food and forage with the density of 300 104/ha was highest at booting stage; and its hay yield was the highest at anthesis. Forage yield in the variety OH 1881 used as forage was the highest at anthesis with the density of 300 104/ha, but its hay yield was the highest on the 7th day after anthesis with the density of 450 104/ha. According to the quality analysis, plant protein content was high before jointing stage, then it declined, but protein yield and NDF kept rising.3. High yielding cultivation approaches of different types of triticaleOH 1881 was the best for fresh forage at the density of 300 X 104/ha and being harvested at anthesis. Zhongsi 237 was the best for hay at the density of 300 X 104/ha and b eing h arvested at anthesis. H arvested at o verwintering s tage as forage, Zhongsi 237 was good at the density of 450 X 104/ha.OHl 881 at the density of 300 X 104/ha was good for fresh forage harvested at jointing stage, while at the density of 450 X 104/ha was good for hay. Jingsong 81 with the density of 225 X 104/ha and basal: top dressingN ratio 5:1:2:2 was the best for fine forage .4. Prospects of triticale in JiangsuIt was suggested that the triticale varieties selected in the experiment could meetthe demand of fresh forage in winter and spring, and hay in spiring as well as fineforage in Jiangsu.