Effects Of Base Fertilizer Application On Growth,Development,Yield And Quality Of Different Cotton Varieties

In this study,three kinds of base fertilizers were set to compare the growth and development,dry matter accumulation,nutrient accumulation and yield and quality characteristics of different cotton varieties in the Tajim area of Xinjiang.In this experiment,Xinluzhong 22(A1),Xinluzhong 55(A2),Xinluzhong 82(A3),Jinmian Z1112(A4),Xinluzao 74(A5),and Xinluzao 77(A6)6 were selected.Cotton varieties as test materials,Three treatments were set up for the test of base fertilizer:general application of conventional base fertilizer(N1):application of nitrogen fertilizer 144.9kg/hm~2,phosphate fertilizer 175.5kg/hm~2,potassium fertilizer 36kg/hm~2;base fertilizer semi-application(N2):base fertilizer dosage was 50%of N1,nitrogen fertilizer 72.45kg/hm~2,phosphate fertilizer 87.75kg/hm~2,potassium fertilizer 18kg/hm~2;no application of base fertilizer treatment(N3)set as a control,the control does not apply any base fertilizer.Research indicates:1.Among the six cotton varieties tested,A1(131.3 d)and A2(133 d)had the longest growth period,and A5(122.9 d)and A6(119.8d)had the shortest growth period.The plant height,stem diameter and number of leaves of A4 variety were higher than other varieties.The number of A4 and A5 fruit branches and fruit nodes were significantly lower than other varieties.The photosynthesis ability of A1,A2,A3 and A4 varieties was stronger,and the dryness was increased.The accumulation of substances,the accumulation and distribution of nutrients in A4 and A5 varieties have more growth on vegetative organs and less growth in reproductive organs.2.There is no significant difference in nitrogen accumulation between the six cotton varieties in this experiment,but A2 has the highest nitrogen utilization rate(36.11%)and high nitrogen absorption capacity.The phosphorus accumulation of A1,A2 and A4 varieties was significantly higher than that of A3,A5 and A6.The utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer was A6>A1>A3>A2>A4>A5,and the difference between A6 and A5 varieties reached a significant level.The potassium content of A1,A2,A3,A4 and A6 varieties was significantly higher than that of A5 varieties.The utilization efficiency of potassium fertilizer was higher than that of A2 and A3,and that of A1 was the lowest.The A2 and A3 varieties had higher potassium absorption capacity.3.Among the six cotton varieties tested,the number of bolls per plant of A4 and A6 varieties was significantly higher than that of A1 and A2 varieties.The single boll weight of A1 varieties was significantly higher than that of the other 5 varieties.The clothing scores of A1 and A4 varieties were significant.Compared with A2,A3 and A6 varieties,the seed cotton yield and lint yield of A1,A2,A3,A4 and A6varieties were significantly higher than those of A5 varieties.4.Under the treatment of three kinds of base fertilizers,N1 treatment can effectively increase the dry matter accumulation of cotton vegetative organs,but the effect on reproductive organs accumulation is not significant.Compared with N3 treatment,the number of bolls per plant increased by 2.9 compared with N3treatment.And 1.2,to achieve significant differences.The average yield difference of each cotton variety was not significant.The A1 variety had the lowest yield reduction of 5%under the N2 treatment,and the highest yield(5441.28 kg/hm~2).The A5 variety had the lowest yield in the three treatments,and the base fertilizer treatment had no effect on the cotton fiber quality.Significant.5.There was no significant difference in the content of alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil under the three basic fertilizer treatments.There was no significant difference in soil nutrients between the boll opening and the pre-sowing soil under N2 and N3 treatments,and the soil available potassium was significantly improved under N3 treatment.content.Based on the above conclusions,the cotton planting without NJ fertilizer is small,the dry matter accumulation is small,the nutrient absorption and accumulation is small,and the yield is low.Under the full application of the base fertilizer,the growth of cotton vegetative organs is significantly improved,and the reproductive organs are The dry matter distribution is lower and the yield is the highest.Under the semi-application of base fertilizer,the base fertilizer is reduced by 50%and the average yield is reduced by9%.The A1 and A2 varieties have stronger resistance to base fertilizer and less yield,5%and 1%.However,the yield of A2 varieties is low,and the application of base fertilizer reduction does not excessively consume the original soil nutrients.Therefore,under the conditions of reduced fertilizer application in the region,A1varieties can obtain the highest economic benefits,meet the interests of farmers,and reduce the cost of cotton production.Pollution to the environment.However,according to the law of cotton fertilizer,timely topdressing should meet the nutrients needed for cotton growth.