Study On Planning Methods Of Regional Parking Lots In Big Cities

In recent years, along with the economic and the people's life continue to develop, the quantity of vehicle increase rapidly, the contradictory between supply and demand of the vehicles park is prominent day by day, it has become one of core problems in urban traffic. The parking lots in big cities are constructed slowly and planned unreasonably, which has aggravated the pressure on the dynamic traffic. The practice proved that, to plan and construct the urban parking lots well, is one of effective ways to enhance efficiency of urban traffic and improve visualize of the whole city. Therefore, to research the regional parking lots planning methods of big cities, has the high academic and the practical application value.The parking lot is a place which parks for each kind of vehicles, provides the service for the social public going on a journey, according to the service object, the location position, the building type as well as the management way, the parking lot can be divided into the different types. The characters of parking lot may expressed by a series of parameters, such as the parking lot capacity, the parking time, the accumulation to parking number, the vehicle parking index, the berth velocity, the berth using frequency and parking density. Through the research of the behavior process of the parker, analyze influencing factors, namely, the parking tariff, the walk distance after parking, the using convenience of parking lot and so on, and according to the above construct the basic, the non-cost and the considered cost parking behavior models. The parking problem is not only the traffic problem but also the land utilization issue, urban parking and the land utilization are reciprocity, the quantitative relation is determined by the type analytic method and the dynamic traffic generation rate model. Parking outside and inside the road both influence the dynamic traffic, so must try for achieve the overall balance between urban parking and dynamic traffic.The parking lot plan is to determine the construction goal and make sure the process to achieve this goal with the step, the policy and the method. This paper studies three main portions of parking lot plan: the analysis of park demand and supply, the selected location plan of parking lot and the plan appraisal of parking lot. Parking demand is a result on many factors affects together, such as the land utilization, the vehicle quantity, the traffic control policy, its forecast model includes: Generation Rate Model based on the type analytic method, Multiple Regression Model based on the correlation analytic method, Volume—Parking Space Model based on the relation between parking and going on a journey, and so on. The problem of parking supply and parking demand is interrelated and symbiotic, analyze the demand and supply curve from the economic angle, will find balance point between the supply and demand. The selected location plan of parking lot must consider the walk distance of parker, the arrival convenience of parking lot, the construction expense as well as with urban plan coordination and so on, the domestic and foreign selected locations plan model mainly have the probability distribution model, parking demand distribution biggest entropy model and the multi-goals contrast factor model. Author according to the above models and actual situation has constructed another model of regional parking lot selected location plan in big cities, it is the innovative part in this paper. The plan appraisal of parking lot mainly has the user benefit, the urban traffic overall benefit and the land use benefit three targets, nowadays, appraisal method has the traffic effect appraisal method, the synthesis grades method and the cost-benefit analytic method.The Changchun south new town is located the south of the city, the total area approximately 14 square kilometers, it is the Changchun municipal government new address locus, and will be the future politics and economic center in the urban planning. This article has forecast the parking demand of six planning districts in the south new town, and to carry on the parking lot plan in a circle radiates 800 meters scopes with the municipal government new address is the center, through the analysis computation, choose optimal 4 parking lot from 7 prepared, determined its position and the scale, to carry on the appraisal of parking lot plan and got a good effect.This article altogether divides into five chapters, main content as follows:Chapter one, introduction. Introduce the research background, the research goal and the significance, the domestic and foreign research present situation and the main research content and the route of the paper.Chapter two, parking characteristic analysis and the related theory summarize of big cities. Elaborate the concept, attribute and type of the urban parking lot, analyze parking characteristic parameter, research parking behavior and parking decision-making as well as the correlation between the urban parking, the land utilization and the dynamic traffic.Chapter three, parking lot plan research of big cities. Divide into three major parts: parking demand forecast, the parking lot selected location plan and the parking lot plan appraisement. Be clear about the basic concept and influence factors of the demand forecast, analyze the different type forecast model and their good and bad points, and analyze the balance of parking demand and supply on the economic angle; introduce the content and considered factors of the selected location plan, enumerate some domestic and foreign selected location plan models, then construct the selected location plan model which this article uses; analyzed the major appraisal quotas, and briefly introduce some parking lot plan appraisal methods.Chapter four, the parking lot plan research in Changchun south new town. The theories methods of foregoing chapters will apply to the actual parking issue in Changchun south new town, according to the big city parking lot plan principle and step, will carry on the demand forecast, the parking lot selected location plan as well as the parking lot plan appraisal on the parking lot of the municipal government new address area, the goal is to find the suit method and science and reasonable way to solve the urban parking problem.Chapter five, summary and forecast. Summarize the main research conclusions, pointed out the fresh ideas and the problems which wait for further research of this paper.The article is for the purpose finding new mentality and new way which is suitable to solve the problem of regional parking lots of big cities in our country, of through thorough analyze and research regional parking lots plan of big cities, offer certain suggestions and the assistances to alleviate the austere traffic complexion day by day.