The Study On The History Of Changsha's Gardens

The history of gardens is the city's cultural heritage. Although some one had made some dissertations about the history of gardens in the historical city Changsha, they are not so elaborate and systemic. My study is very necessary for detailed understanding the development of China's garden art and it is also the base of utilizing the city's historical and cultural resource, keeping the city's landscape renewing and getting sustainable development.Through literature analyzing, spot investigation and consultation, this paper collected and validated historical documents on the history of Changsha's gardens. After comprehensive, objective, scientific and accurate synthesizing and analyzing, this strategic achievement is concluded.According to the relationship between the gardens, from West Han Dynasty to Modern Times, there were six types of gardens which were royal gardens, private gardens, religious gardens, academy gardens, official gardens and public gardens appeared in the history of Changsha's gardens. The development process of Changsha's gardens can be divided into four historical periods which are the birth of classical gardens, the prosperity of classical gardens, the mature of classical gardens and the transition of gardens'development. The sprouting of Changsha's gardens in Shang and Zhou Dynasty, and the appearance of Jiayi's Former Residence, Dingwang Terrace and Lao Garden, and the Lushan Temple from Han Dynasty to Jin Dynasty represented the birth of Changsha's classical gardens. In Tang and Song Dynasty, the gardening characteristic of upholding nature was established, in the representation of academy gardens, the Changsha's gardens kept ahead in Hunan province and influenced the whole country. In Ming and Qing Dynasty, humanistic spirits gradually penetrated into the gardening philosophy of Changsha's gardens, and it made the Changsha's gardening activity to be more creative and step into mature period. In modern times, after experiencing transitory development and the influence of West culture and interest of beauty appreciation, Changsha's gardens'gradually went to the path of being public and multiplex, and made the transition from the classical gardens to modern gardens. During this process, Lushan Temple, Mr Dai's Hall of East Pool, King Machu's Palace, Kaifu Temple, Seigniors' Mansion of Ming Dynasty, Yuelu Academy, South-City Academy, Yu Garden, Tui Garden, Jiayi's Temple and Qingxiang Villa were the representatives. They showed the garden artists' attitude of existing with the nature and gardening philosophy in humanistic spirits focused on Xing and Li, and represented the characteristic of Changsha's gardens in constructing artistic conception, garden addressing, space management and utilizing artistic elements.