The Work And Contribution Of Chinese Physicists During The Anti-Japanese War (1937-1945)

When the Anti-Japanese War breaking out, a large number of Chinese universities and science research institutions were forced move to western of China, books, instruments and laboratory equipments suffered serious losses, the teaching and researching environment was extremely bad, and the living conditions of teachers and students decline sharply. The development of physics in China suffered a major setback during this period. However, not only were the Chinese physicists insisted on teaching and researching, but also made use of the science technology for supporting the Anti-Japanese war, which made indelible contribution for the steady development of Chinese science researching work and the victory of Anti-Japanese war.Based on reading, analyzing, sorting a large number of literature material, this paper deeply investigates the specific process of the modern physics being introduced into China and the basic situation of physicists in China before the anti-Japanese war broke out, and the process of Chinese colleges and universities moving to western, the teaching environment after the broke out; analysis detailed the curriculum,teaching methods and attitudes, which outlines the physics teaching and researching characteristics of Southwest Associated University and so on. This paper does a systematic and comprehensive generalization of Chinese physicists from aspects of teaching,researching and resisting war, especially explores the research contribution of Department of Physics of Southwest Associated University,Peking physics research institute and Tsinghua radio institute, and the war contribution of physicists including Qisun Ye,Jici Yan and Zhaoying Meng. This study is helpful for people recognizing the hard situation of Chinese intellectual during the eight years wartime, and has positive signification for publicizing the spirit of devoting to science,education saving the nation and patriotism.