The Studies On The Birds Diversity In Hohhot City And The Research On Estimation Of Urban Ecological Environment

The bird community on 7 kinds of habitat in Hohhot city were surveyed from January and December in 2004. Five habitat parameters were selected to determine the main environmental factors that influence urban bird communities, and urbanization synthetical index was proposed as the index to exploring the quality of the urban ecological environment.The findings indicated that the bird community of the shopping area and the traffic area are the most similarly , and the bird community of the nursery and park is much similarly;The habitat characteristics of landscape level(distance to city center and percent of surrounding building)and disturbance(noise and artificial disturbance)showed strong correlation with species distributions, densities, diversities and richness.Species density, diversity and richness decreased with increasing urbanization.Consequently, the diversity and the composition of community and distribution of bird are significantly affected by the quality of environment. So bird can reflect the quality of the urban ecological environment. Tree Sparrow , Magpie, Great Spotted Woodpecker, Ring Dove and Hoopoe can be applied as indicator species to estimate the quality of the urban environment. Furthermore, the bird community parameter (diversity index, richness index, distribution index, important index) can be applied as indicator to estimate the quality of the urban environment. It is very important and necessary to monitor Urban bird in long term, especially in winter.