The Research On Drought Disaster And Its Economic Losses In Chongqing

On the basis of deficiency of study on regional drought and severi ty of droughts in Chongqing , this article analyses the cause of formation of droughts , characteristic and distribution in Chongqing , and puts forward to system of targets assessment main parameter and calculation technology for drought economic losses of Chongqing directing against the blank of quantitative research of economic losses of the droughts in Chongqing, moreover combining with qualitative methods and quantitative methods. At last , this article analyses the economic losses and impact on social economy of Chongqing in an all-round way by an example of the mid-summer drought in 2001, in order to offer reference that quanti tat i ve research on droughts economic losses and disaster economic losses for Chongqing even southwest.The full article is divided into the following six parts: The first part is the overview of Chongqing. It sums up the geographical position of Chongqing and natural conditions , and points out droughts is the most frequenct the most widespread the heaviest accumulated disaster in Chongqing .The second part is the analysis of droughts in Chongqing , The contents of this part are made of droughts index, droughts type and grade differentiation method., droughts characteristics, droughts mechanism and background of formation of Chongqing. It describes droughts of Chongqing detailedly.The third part takes droughts of Chongqing in 2001 as an example. It analyses in detail meteorological element characteristics , such as pre梒ipitation, evaporating, sunshine time , etc. Moreover, this part analyses the emergence evolution and the cause of formation of the drought during 2001 of Chongqing , too. Because the mid-summer drought is conspicuous, this part also sums up the characteristic of it this year, and regards affected area, destroyed area, died-out areas the disaster rate, the hazard-occurred rate and the died-out rate of the crop as norm based on the datas that Disaster Reduction Office of Chongqing offering in order to stress the characteristic with serious economic losses that year.The fourth part analyses economic losses of the mid-summer drought of Chongqing in 2001. This part is divided into two small parts: the first small part is the research on the frame of system of targets assessment for drought economic losses of Chongqing in 2001. According to the regional principle, the frame of system of targets assessment for drought economic losses of Chongqing includes direct economic losses, indirect economic losses and disaster relief losses; The second small part is the quantitative analysis of the mid-summer drought of Chongqing in 2001. This part carries on a quantitative calculation separately in the light of direct economic losses, indirect economic losses and disaster relief losses of the mid-summer drought in Chongqing under the frame of system of targets assessment for drought economic losses of Chongqing in 2001. As for the direct economic losses, it iseasier to quantitative analysis, the researchers adopt usually the market valuation; As for the indirect economic losses, the researchers usually have the aid of the input-output method of the complete wastage coefficient of input-output;As for the disaster relief losses, the researchers usually adopt the investigation method to quantitatively calculate the input expenditure of preventing drought , and make use of shade price of economics to quantitatively calculate the investment premium losses. The final result shows:the economic losses of the mid-summer drought of Chongqing in 2001 account for 2. 58% of GDP in that year, and the direct losses, the indirect losses, the disaster relief losses account for 1. 66% , 0. 55% , 0. 37% of GDP in that year separately.The fifth part is the countermeasures of reducing the droughts disaster of Chongqing. In this part , I Point out that the people should improve the disaster suffering capacity of the natural ecosystem, the socio-economic system and the ability of disaster relief to reduce max...