Research On Protection Mode Of Traditional Villages From The Perspective Of Cluster

Traditional villages are a type of settlement with typical humanistic characteristics gradually formed in the long history of human development.They are living cultural heritage,containing profound and heavy historical memory,bearing the roots and souls of Chinese people,and serving as the source of innovative transformation and creative inheritance of China’s excellent traditional culture.Traditional villages not only leave a wealth of material cultural heritage,but also contain a variety of vivid intangible cultural heritage.Traditional villages are usually distributed in the form of groups in specific areas.At present,China has formed the world’s largest agricultural civilization heritage protection group.Therefore,while protecting its content and value,it is necessary to promote the use,inheritance and development in the protection.In the past,the protection of traditional villages mostly focused on the study of a single village.However,the further sustainable protection and development of traditional villages were limited by the constraints of transportation location,economic population and infrastructure of traditional villages,and the real value of traditional villages was lost due to insufficient exploration of their resource value and insufficient cultural cognition.In recent years,with the people-centered thinking and the requirement of strengthening historical and cultural protection and inheritance in urban and rural construction,new challenges have been put forward to the protection of traditional villages.It is necessary to not only protect the original features of villages,but also provide better living environment for the people living in them,and further demonstrate the charm of The Times and cultural connotation of traditional villages.Under the systematic and holistic understanding,people began to pay attention to the importance of the protection of traditional village groups,and in the context of urban and rural integration,to promote cultural heritage protection and economic and social development to support each other,so as to promote development through protection.Aiming at the main problems faced by the protection of traditional villages in China and the dilemma of individual protection,this paper,starting from the perspective of clusters,adopts qualitative and quantitative research methods such as field investigation,literature research,induction and extraction,and geospatial analysis,based on the study of architectural settlements,combined with related theories such as human geography,sociology,and landscape science.This paper systematically reviews the theory and practice of cluster protection,reveals the intrinsic relationship and nature of the natural environment,history and culture,social economy,policy mechanism closely related to the cluster protection of traditional villages,and establishes a "multi-scale,multi-dimensional,and multi-attribute" theoretical framework of cluster protection to analyze the historical evolution,spatial distribution,protection stage,resource value and other characteristics of traditional villages in China.It is found that traditional villages have the possibility and advantage of cluster protection.Based on the theory of human-land relationship,living heritage protection and synergy theory,this paper establishes a theoretical framework for cluster protection of traditional villages by deeply exploring the feasibility of implementing cluster protection,combines the concept of systematic integrity with the protection and development of traditional villages,and provides methods for cluster protection by analyzing the characteristics of traditional villages clusters.At the same time,the orderly inheritance and rational utilization of traditional village spatial form,traditional style and cultural gene will be promoted.The structure level of cluster protection is established,and resource factors are mined from five dimensions,namely space,culture,landscape,industry and governance,and a correlation index system of five dimensions is established to further refine the ideas and methods of cluster protection.Based on cluster protection characteristics and evaluation index system,five modes of spatial cluster,cultural cluster,landscape cluster,industrial cluster and governance cluster are proposed to optimize spatial layout,improve cultural system,strengthen bottom line management and control,improve village functions,and improve governance efficiency.According to the detailed indicators in the evaluation index system,corresponding protection methods and measures are proposed for each mode.By long-term observation of traditional villages in Jingxing County,Hebei Province,and combining with 48 Jingxing traditional villages,by analyzing and quantifying characteristics of traditional villages in multiple aspects,such as spatial form,social economy,location and transportation,history and culture,and policy mechanism,Jingxing County aims to establish a spatial protection structure with "group level-group level-feature level" to form a cluster protection pattern of traditional villages.Further in-depth analysis of the three typical groups of traditional villages in the cluster protection mode of organic integration of protection and development.Finally,by summarizing the theoretical framework and methods of traditional village cluster protection,it is considered that cluster protection is an effective way to promote the protection and development of traditional villages in the new era,and it is an optimal integration and utilization of resources."Five borders" is an important driving force for the protection of traditional villages,and multi-scale,multi-attribute and multi-dimension are the key to the cluster protection of traditional villages.The cluster protection of traditional villages is also an important approach to the overall and systematic protection of China’s historical and cultural heritage.The five modes of cluster protection do not exist independently,but are interdependent and work together.