| <National Plan on New Urbanization>reveals that the urbanization of China is featured with three critical issues:loose city-industry integration,unsynchronised industry and population clusters,and delayed urbanization compared with industrialization.Investigation on the spatial association provides an effective way to solve these issues.Yangzhou,as an epitome of National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities in China expands rapidly.Conflicts of separation of city-industry is considered significant during this transition.In order to optimize the industry and spatial pattern of Yangzhou,there is a need to study the relationship between residential space,industrial space,and service sector space,and to reveal the integration trajectory.Residential space is the starting point of this industry-city integration research.This thesis analyzed the three-tier structure(material,economy and society)of the living space at a microscopic level to explain the general association process and the mechanism between residential space,industrial space and service sector space.A optimization of the city space was proposed based on the findings of the diagnosis on city-industry integration.The current situation and spatial characteristics of the residential space.The residential space can be classified into ancient city,DANWEI community,commodity housing community,and guarantee housing community given their significant differences in material,social and economic features.(1)The ancient city is located in the inner city,of which the spatial structure formed during Ming and Qing Dynasty,featured with individual houses.The residents are mainly senior people and having a relative low income.(2)The DANWEI community formed during planned economy or double-track pricing system,mainly located in the outer city,featured with low to multi-storey buildings surrounding enterprise buildings and institutions.The population structure is more complex with more tenants,whose income is highly influenced by the type of their employers.(3)The commodity housing community,located in semi rural areas,mainly formed after 1998 when the housing system started reforming.Most of this community consists of newly developed areas featured with multi-storey and high-rise buildings.The population are mainly mid-age with higher income.(4)The guarantee housing community can be classified into two subsets,one formed before the year 2000 and the other after 2000.The former are mainly distributed around the outer circle of the DANWEI community with fewer amenities.The residents are mainly senior people with lower income.The latter are mainly community groups in semi rural areas,featured with good industry-city integration and more young people.The evolution of residential space and its characteristics.(1)The residential space experienced pre-founding period of PRC,planned economy period(1949—1978),welfare housing and market-oriented dual-track period(1979—1998),comprehensive promotion period of market-oriented housing system(1999—2009),period of market-oriented adjustment and perfection of housing system(2010—2017).The spatial pattern and spatial association in these periods are different from each other.(2)The number of the residential space experienced a slow-fast-slow growth while the direction of th e spatial evolution experienced a balanced-unbalanced-banlanced circle.(3)The residential space association experienced a service industry-industry-service industry-multi industrial sectors process driven by changing space.While the spatial pattern experienced an integration-separation-integration process.Residential and industrial spatial association.The association is featured with the correlation between spatial expansion direction and spatial patter.(1)Spatial expansion direction association:before the reform and opening,there was a higher association between the direction of residential and industrial spatial expansion;while during the reform and opening,the direction of the spatial expansion had been gradually diverged.(2)Spatial pattern correlation:the spatial correlation of residential-industrial space varies during time,which has an integration-neibouring-seperation-integration evolutionary trend.Residential and service sector spatial association and pattern.The spatial correlation of the residential-service industry is mainly reflected in the correlation between spatial structure evolution and spatial attributes.(1)Relevance of spatial expansion direction:From 1949 to 1978,the spatial correlation of residential-service industry was not high.From 1979 to 1998,the spatial correlation degree of the residential-service industry has improved;from 1999 to 2017,the space-related direction of the residential-service industry has significantly improved;the space center of the service industry has a time-lag effect compared with the center of the residential space.(2)Correlation of spatial attributes:among the 15 indicators of community living space,the construction age,population size,and age structure are the main correlation factors.The construction age and population are negatively correlated with the number of services,density,and diversity indicators.Relationships;among the age structure indicators,the correlation between middle-aged ratio and service industry POI,youth ratio and service industry POI density,age ratio and service industry POI diversity index is higher.Optimization for the residential association evolution and city-industry integration.(1)Yangzhou’s residential,service,and industrial linkage processes are the result of the combined effects of economic,political,and social factors.They can be divided into six evolutionary stages:mixed concentric form,one-way residence-industry random fusion expansion,one-way residence-industry Adjacent fusion expansion,one-way residence-industrial separation and expansion,one-way residence-service industry integration expansion,multi-directional production and organic integration expansion.In general,the dominant force in the living space has experienced the process of the comprehensive role of the service industry-industrial-service industry-multi-industry;(2)Yangzhou’s spatial association mechanisms of residence,service industry and industry.The influencing factors of spatial association include macro policy factors such as real estate system,tax system,opening to the outside world and Globalization,local government’s behaviors such as infrastructure construction,urban planning and construction,industrial development factors such as industrial factor endowment,industrial competitiveness,environmental externality,demographic factors such as revenue structure,life cycle,commuting structure.These factors are interrelated and interact with each other,which jointly promote the change of the spatial expansion direction,spatial form and spatial attribute of housing,service industry and industry.(3)According to the relationship,the problem of the integration of the city is divided into two categories:the city has no production,the production has no city:the problem of urban no-production is mostly in the ancient city,the residential-industrial adjacent unit community,the residential-service industry,the commercial housing community,and the social housing community.And its surrounding areas;the problem of producing no cities is mostly caused by the residential-industrial separation and commercial housing community,the city-integrated commercial housing community and its surrounding areas.According to the characteristics of the integration of various cities,the spatial integration,cultural integration,and public service sharing are proposed. |
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