Study On Cleaner Production Technology Adoption&Diffusion And Behavior Control Strategy Of Rural Households

Since the reform and opening-up,China's agricultural development has made remarkable achievements.At the same time,there are many quality and efficiency problems in agricultural development,which have become an important limiting factor for the green development of agriculture.In order to enhance the capacity for high-quality agricultural development,it is urgent to change the mode of production of agriculture and vigorously promote the clean production of agriculture.Jilin Province is the main corn producing province with the highest planting proportion and the highest yield per unit area.The corn mode of production,for the most part,represents the agricultural mode of production of the province.Farmers are the concrete practitioners of corn production,the users of various agricultural natural resources and the direct releasers of agricultural chemicals.It is the key to the transformation of mode of production to whether they adopt agricultural clean production technology.Due to the influence of many factors,the clean production of maize in Jilin Province has not been realized on a large scale.It is urgent to study the influencing factors,behavior rules and control strategies of adopting and diffusing agricultural cleaner production technology from the perspective of farmers as a basic production unit.It is puts forward to the necessity of accelerating the promotion of clean agricultural production in Jilin Province and constructs the core research framework from five aspects including adoption will,adoption behavior,internal diffusion of technology,international experience and production behavior control by taking the “integrated technology of degradable plastic film,water and fertilizer”,which is being popularized In the central and western areas of Jilin Province,as an example,based on the accurate definition of relevant concepts,comprehensive evaluation and analysis of Jilin Province's agricultural clean production level in this paper.Among of them,it is analyzed to the influence and mechanism of internal factors of agricultural cleaner production system in the part of adoption willingness,adoption behavior and internal diffusion of technology.It is analyzed to the influence and mechanism exerted by the external system of agricultural cleaner production from the perspective of policies,regulations and management measures in the part of international experience.It is analyzed to the influence of internal and external entropy change of agricultural cleaner production system from the view of control behavior entropy change in the part of control strategy.Research focused on the following:First,It is systematically reviewed to the supply situation and application status of agricultural cleaner production technology in Jilin Province and it is pointed out that the supply of individual technologies for agricultural cleaner production is now relatively sufficient,but the supply of integrated technologies is insufficient as a whole,there are still some problems such as low level of farmers 's participation,weak technical force at the basic level,insufficient policy support and imperfect cost-sharing mechanism.Through comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the level of Agricultural Green Development and the effect of input and output in Jilin Province,it is concluded that the overall level of agricultural green development in Jilin Province is lower than the national average level and is in the middle and lower reaches of the major grain-producing provinces,the quality and benefit indexes of agricultural green development in Jilin Province are in the bottom level in the main grain-producing areas and even in the whole country.At present,the agricultural mode of production in Jilin Province is neither environmental protection nor economic,and the quality benefit has become the short board for Jilin Province to take the lead in realizing agricultural modernization,it is urgent to speed up the promotion of agricultural clean production.Second,a multi-factor and ordered selection model(Ologit)was established to determine the adoption intention of cleaner production technologies under the premise of effective intention,non-effective intention screening and sample analysis based on the inherent logic of effective and non-effective,rational and non-rational adoption intentions of cleaner production technology by farmers.The results show that household decision-makers 'education level,investment capacity,land property,land scale and irrigation water availability,household capacity,the purchase of social services,all of them have a significant impact on awareness of non-cleaner production practices such as the excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers,awareness of the cost-benefit of cleaner production technologies,farmers' risk attitudes and attitudes to drought and the willingness of farmers to adopt "water and fertilizer integrated technology of degradable plastic film mulching".The intensity of farmers' adoption intention is not high,and the general intention is much higher than the strong intention.The heterogeneity of farmers has different influence on the general willingness and strong willingness to adopt cleaner production technology.Thirdly,it is analyzed to the influence of farmers' heterogeneity on the adoption behavior of agricultural cleaner production technology,to the transformation relationship between general will,strong will and adoption behavior,and to the difference of influencing factors on farmers' willingness to adopt cleaner production technology by using binary logistic model.The results show that household decision makers' education level,investment capacity,land property,availability of irrigation water,household capacity,purchase of social services,all of them have a significant impact on knowledge of the cost and benefit of cleaner production technology use,farmers' attitude to drought,and the adoption of “water and fertilizer integrated technology of degradable plastic film mulching”.The adoption of cleaner production technology by farmers is the result of the accumulation of willingness.The probability of “no-will”farmers,“general-will”farmers and “strong-will”farmers were increased in turn,and the farmers with “strong-will”were the most efficient.There are differences in formation Mechanism between farmers' willingness and behavior to adopt cleaner production technology.Fourth,it is analyzed to diffusion mechanism of agricultural cleaner production technology,the diffusion path and the influencing factors in farmers after the first stage of top-down diffusion to rural areas and adoption by the early adopters by using the theory of technology diffusion,game theory and systems engineering theory.The results show that the technology diffusion among farmers pursues more reciprocity and altruism,and the simple economic goal is not obvious.The technological diffusion channel constructed by farmers based on social networks of consanguinity,kinship and geography is influenced by diffusion environment,diffusion subject and diffusion medium.There are dynamic mechanism,transmission mechanism and operation mechanism of technology diffusion among farmers.The motive mechanism mainly comes from the motive force of diffusion subject,the motive force of diffusion acceptor and the motive force of diffusion environment.The transmission mechanism mainly includes technology transmission,benefit transfer and learning effect.The operation mechanism needs the synergy of technology supply process,communication process and adoption process.There are space effect,time effect and space-time interactive effect in the diffusion of agricultural cleaner production technology.The space effect includes the neighborhood effect,the rank effect and the aggregation effect,and the time effect includes the diffusion time difference and the technical potential energy difference.The closer the space-time interaction,the more conducive to the internal technology diffusion of farmers.Fifthly,it is analyzed to the relevant policies and control measures of the United States,Denmark and Japan from the perspectives of pesticide and fertilizer regulation,water pollution prevention and control,and the development of agricultural cleaner production.Drawing on the experience of the three countries,it is urgent for China to perfect the management system of pesticide and fertilizer based on laws and regulations,the management system of production and management with product quality as the core,and the application system of pesticide and fertilizer with overall planning of environmental protection and agricultural production,to establish and improve laws and regulations on the integrated prevention and control of water pollution from agricultural production,to ensure the implementation of these laws and regulations through strict regulatory policies and a combination of measures,to strengthen technological innovation in agricultural water pollution,to encourage the public,especially farmers to take an active part in agricultural cleaner production,to speed up the improvement of relevant laws,regulations and policies,to give full play to the role of social organizations,and encourage all sectors of society to take an active part in agricultural cleaner production.Sixth,it is pointed out that the agricultural cleaner production system is composed of four internal subsystems including the input of agricultural production factors,the management of crop production,the sale of agricultural products,the service of agricultural production,and four external subsystems including the subsystem of policy and regulation,the subsystem of science and technology service,the subsystem of agricultural materials supply and the subsystem of urban development based on the theory of dissipative structure.The interaction of the elements in each subsystem and the interaction of the inner and outer subsystems exist at the same time,which promote the continuous evolution of the agricultural cleaner production system.The agricultural cleaner production system is a typical dissipative structure system,which is open,far from equilibrium,nonlinear and stochastic fluctuation.The concept of “behavior entropy”is introduced and it is studied to the type and source of behavior entropy in agricultural cleaner production system.it was put forward to the control strategy of promoting the adoption and diffusion of cleaner production technology and promoting agricultural cleaner production from the view of increasing negative entropy flow and decreasing positive entropy flow.