International Comparison Of Wheat Research Level Based On Bibliometric Analysis

Food security is the focus of international community as well as the main component of national strategic safety.Wheat,one of three staple food in the world,is also the principal food of Chinese people.Compared with other grain crops,wheat is more resistant to storage,thus being of great significance to ensure food security.As a major wheat producer in the world,China pioneers in the production and acreage.However,there are a certain degree of differences in per unit yield in comparison with France and Britain.Wheat production tends to be affected by various factors.Scientific and technological innovation is an important approach to improving wheat production.The sci-tech innovation of wheat involves every link in the industrial chain.In addition,there are different types of innovative activities and achievements.As one of important forms of the wheat research,research papers are main reflections of scientific and research ability in wheat studies.In order to explicit the position of domestic wheat research in the world.A leader? A fellow or a follower? this paper,making use of central database of WOS and the database of CNKI,carries on statistics about wheat research papers published in recent 30 years via Biliometric Analysis,clarifies time,country,journal,discipline,major research institution,researcher as well as literature citation with regard to papers on world's wheat research and presents the frontier of the world's wheat research through visualization analysis with CiteSpace What's more,this paper compares and analyses the overall level of top 8 countries which produce more research papers on wheat as well as presents wheat research frontiers of various countries with CiteSpace from research institution,researcher,highly cited papers,discipline distribution,journal distribution and impact of paper.Based on the above analysis,this paper selects advantageous research institutions in the world and compares them with those in China,clarifying differences in publishing time,highly cited paper,discipline,journal and research focus.In the end,this paper tends to put forward countermeasure against improving scientific and research level of Chinese wheat on the basis of synthesizing results of Biliometric Analysis and construction situations of the production and research systems of major wheat producers.Research results suggest that in recent 30 years there are 53,824 papers being published on WOS,which are written by 79,016 authors of 12,883 institutes from 151 countries.The number of papers increases with fluctuation.With regard to the number of papers,the U.S.,China,India and Australia rank the top four;the UK,the Netherlands,Australia and France take the lead in the paper citation rate;the U.S.,Australia,Britain and France pioneer concerning H index.From the overall impact,the U.S.,Britain,China,France,Australia,Canada,German and Mexico have higher influences.Among the world's top 30 institutes publishing papers on wheat research,there are 8 in the U.S.,5 in China,4 in Australia and 3 in Canada.As far as relatively advantageous institutes are concerned,there are Ministry of Agriculture and Kansas State University(KSU)in the U.S.,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization in Australia,Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Food in Canada,Banaras Hindu University in India,Institute Nationale de la Researche Agronomigue in France,Plant Science Center of Leeds University in the U.K.as well as Hoffenheim University.The most prolific 30 researchers of wheat studies in the world include 12 Americans,5 Chinese,3 Canadians,2 Australians and 2 Mexicans.So far GILL BS from Kansas State University(KSU)publishes the largest number of papers.In China HeZhonghu stands first,APPELS R,Canand CLARKE JM in Australia,DHALIWAL HS,France BRANLARD G in India,SHEWRY PR in the UK,and RODER MS in German.From 1987 to 2016,in WOS 53824 papers studying wheat have been published in 2591 journals.There are 15 journals each has over 500 papers journal volume,among which Crop Science ranks first.The top 30 journals of largest papers journal volumes account for 33.96% of the total,and the average influence factor is 2.976.Among all journals that American researchers have the papers published on,Crop Science ranks first in amount,that of Chines researchers Plos One ranks first,that of Canadian researchers Journal Of Plant Science ranks first,that of Indian researchers Indian Journal Of Agricultural Sciences ranks first,and that of researchers from France,UK and German Theoretical And Applied Genetics leads the list.From 1987 to 2016 in WOS papers studying wheat cover 123 subjects,and either one of 39 subjects has published beyond 100 papers.Among all papers published by the top eight countries of publishing amount,papers dealing with Agronomy and Plant Science account for the largest proportion.In the US,China,German and India Plant Sciences develop comparatively fast;in Australia Agronomy;in Canada Biotechnology Applied Microbiology;in France Biotechnology Applied Microbiology;in German Food Science Technology.From 1987 to 2016,followed by German,Australia and France,the U.S.accounts for the most in the cited top twenty papers of wheat studies.And the average cited frequency of the cited top twenty papers is 621.5 times.This decade 161 ESI highly cited papers has been produced and the cited frequency is 117.4 times.The thesis of highest cited frequency comes from Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals written by Munns,R,etc.on Journal Of Experimental Botany,2006.Papers written by researchers from the US,Australia,China,and UK account a large proportion in the 161 highly cited papers.The co-citation ratio-time graph of the global papers of wheat research from 2007 to 2016 is drawn Through CiteSpace.The clustering analysis shows that the frontiers of wheat researches include Molecular biology of Wheat,Disease and Pest Control,Wheat Variety and Health,Wheat Production,Processing and Utilization,as well as Physiological Ecology of Wheat.Although researches emphasis varies from country to country,most countries conduct researches through molecular biology methods such as genetic breeding,disease and pest control,studies on yield-related traits and quality trait,food nutrition and processing,and high efficient utilization of resources.Compared with foreign countries more researches should be conducted on wheat processing,Diet and Nutrition,comprehensive utilization of resources.Studies show that in contrast to typical wheat research institutes of overseas,the published literat ure of domesstic institutes lags behind in number,but increase rapidly.In the average citing frequency of papers of the top twenty papers cited by domestic institutes was lower than that of foreign institutions.In terms of the subjects,both domestic and foreign institutes can form their own comparative advantages.Papers published by both domestic and foreign institutions show a strong tendency of dispersion in journal distribution.Both domestic and foreign institutes focus on such researches as Molecular biology of Wheat,disease and pest control and Eco-physiology.Foreign institutes pay more attention on wheat production and processing,while domestic institutions lay stress on wheat varieties.Using the PageRank algorithm to compare the influence of wheat research advantages institutions,studies show that the value of PageRank in Chinese wheat research institutions is higher than that in foreign countries Institutions.Studies show that with the rapid development of researches concerning wheat studies worldwide,cross-synthesis of subjects converge in a large scale,and application of new technologies and new methods are used widely further,a number of innovative results are produced and significant researchers emerge.Although the USA is the strongest in wheat studies,China is neck and neck with it in many fields.Measures such as optimizing the allocation of resources,perfecting the system of science and technology,strengthening cooperation and exchange,carrying out reform in management mode,as well as innovating evaluation system should be taken to improve scientific research capacity on wheat studies.In the management mode reform,an independently continuous assessment method has been put forward unprecedentedly in research projects,which will benefits the innovation of the management mode reform.