| Research objective The undergraduates with subliminal depression were recruited as research subjects.The purpose of this study is to analyze and reveal the physiological mechanism and gene expression molecular mechanism of the "mind-regulating" effect induced by Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong on the basis of verifying the "mind-regulating" effect to relieve depressive state.Research methods 1.Study on "mind-regulating" effect The college students with subthreshold depression were randomly divided into intervention group and black control group.The intervention group received 14-week Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong training(2-week centralized training+12-week guidance training),control group did not involve in the training period,and only participated in the study evaluation in parallel with the intervention group.The research period was 20 weeks,including 2 weeks of baseline period,14 weeks of training and 4 weeks of follow-up,strict quality control was used in the whole research process.Self-rating depression scale(SDS)and symptom checklist-90(SCL-90)were used to evaluate the "mind-regulating" effect induced by Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong.Four evaluations were completed from baseline to end of follow-up,namely,enrollment for 0 weeks(baseline period),enrollment for 8 weeks(after 6 weeks of guidance training),enrollment for 14 weeks(after 12 weeks of guidance training),enrollment for 18 weeks(follow-up period).To observe the improvement effect of "mind-regulating" on depressive state,and to locate the target psychiatric symptoms of "mind-regulating" effect.2.Study on physiological mechanisms of "mind-regulating" effect The plantar pressure of the two groups in "natural open-eyes standing state",and the brain electrophysiology in "post standing state" of the intervention group and "simulated post standing state" of the control group were measured and analyzed at 0 weeks,8 weeks and 14 weeks.To analyze the absolute value of the difference between left foot and right foot in maximum pressure,average pressure,contact area and load,and forefoot and metapedes in contact area and load,by which to explore the biomechanical mechanism of "body-balance".To analyze the total average power of alpha-band,absolute value of power difference between left and right hemispheres in alpha band,absolute value of power difference between frontal and occipital regions in alpha band,by which to explore the brain physiological mechanism of "brain function coordination and balance".On this basis,to further analyze the lead(brain area)average power of alpha-band and alpha-band electroencephalogram to locate specific brain functional area of brain physiological mechanism of "mind-regulating" effect.The aim of this part of study is to reveal the physiological mechanism of "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong.3.Study on molecular mechanisms of "mind-regulating" effect Ten subjects in the intervention group who showed respond well to the training efficacy were selected.Ten subjects in the control group were matched for intervention group based on general information.A total of 20 subjects were analyzed for differential expressed gene in our research.Fasting venous blood samples were collected before and after training,total ribonucleic acid of white blood cells was extracted,and training-related expressed gene profiles were screened by Tru Seq SBS Kit v4-HS sequencer.Gene Ontology(GO)functional annotation,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were carried out for selected differentially expressed genes that significantly related to Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong training.And then to select the biological functions and molecular pathways that are obviously related to "mind-regulating" effect.Individual differentially expressed genes between groups and time-environment differentially expressed genes were screened out from preliminary screening of differentially expressed genes.And the possible target genes of the "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong can be accurately located.The aim of this part of study is to reveal the molecular mechanism of gene expression of "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong.Research results 1.Results of "mind-regulating" effect(1)Main effect indicator-self-rating depression scale(SDS): the demographic data and the standard score of SDS between the two groups were balanced and comparable at baseline(P>0.05).During the study period,there was no statistical difference between the baseline period and other evaluation time point in the standard score of SDS of control group(P>0.05).The standard score of SDS of intervention group at 8 weeks,14 weeks and follow-up period were significantly lower than those of the baseline period(P<0.05),and also significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).(2)Secondary effect indicator-symptom checklist 90(SCL-90): the total symptom index and factor scores between the two groups were balanced and comparable at baseline(P>0.05).During the study period,there were no statistical difference between the baseline period and other evaluation time point in the total symptom index and factor scores of control group(P>0.05).The total symptom index and scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety and hostility of intervention group at 8 weeks,14 weeks and follow-up period were significantly lower than those of the baseline period(P<0.05),and also significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).2.Results of physiological mechanisms of "mind-regulating" effect(1)Biomechanical mechanism of "body-balance" of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong:relevant indicators of plantar pressure between the two groups were balanced and comparable at baseline(P>0.05).During the training period,there were no statistical difference between the baseline period and other evaluation time point in relevant indicators of plantar pressure of control group(P>0.05).The relevant indicators of plantar pressure of intervention group at 8 weeks,14 weeks were significantly lower than those of the baseline period(P<0.05),and also significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).(2)Brain physiological mechanism of "brain function coordination and balance" of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong:the total average power of alpha-band,absolute value of power of alpha band difference between left and right hemispheres,absolute value of power of alpha band difference between frontal and occipital regions between the two groups were balanced and comparable at baseline(P>0.05).During the training period,there were no statistical difference between the baseline period and other evaluation time point in total average power of alpha-band,absolute value of power of alpha band difference between left and right hemispheres,absolute value of power of alpha band difference between frontal and occipital regions of control group(P>0.05).The total average power of alpha-band,absolute value of power of alpha band difference between frontal and occipital regions of intervention group at 8 weeks,14 weeks were significantly higher than those of the baseline period(P<0.05),and also significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The absolute value of power of alpha band difference between left and right hemispheres of intervention group at 8 weeks,14 weeks were significantly lower than those of the baseline period(P<0.05),and also significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).(3)Specific brain functional area of brain physiological mechanism of "mind-regulating" effect induced by Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong: the all lead(brain area)average power of alpha-band between the two groups were balanced and comparable at baseline(P>0.05).During the training period,there were no statistical difference between the baseline period and other evaluation time point in the all lead(brain area)average power of alpha-band of control group(P>0.05).The average power of alpha-band of intervention group in FP1/FP2(prefrontal area),F3/FZ/F4(posterior frontal area),FC3/FCZ/FC4(frontal central junction area),C3/CZ/C4(central area),CP3/CPZ/CP4(central parietal junction area),P3/PZ/P4(parietal area),OZ(occipital midline),F7/F8(anterior temporal area),FT7/FT8(frontotemporal junction area),TP7/TP8(temporal parietal junction area)at 8 weeks,14 weeks were significantly higher than those of the baseline period(P<0.05),and also significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Electroencephalogram of alpha-band also showed that the average power of alpha band increased gradually from occipital area to frontal area in the intervention group,and synchronized gradually from midline of brain to left and right hemispheres with the advancing of training period,the trend of increase in parietal area,central area,frontal area and anterior temporal area were particularly obvious.3.Results of molecular mechanisms of "mind-regulating" effect(1)Gene Ontology(GO)biological functional annotation of differentially expressed genes: the differentially expressed genes before and after Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong training involve the most multifunctional processes in the biological process level,including the regulation of biological function,cell process,single tissue process,metabolic process and stress process.The regulation of biological function,metabolic process and response to stimulus may be related to the molecular biological mechanism of "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong. (2)Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes: compared with the control group,there were 26 pathways for significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes in intervention group after Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong traning.B cell receptor signaling pathway,NF-kappa B signaling pathway,and the metabolic pathways such as valine,leucine and isoleucine degradation may be related to the molecular pathway mechanism of "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong.(3)Comparative analysis of main differentially expressed genes in "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong: 13 differentially expressed genes related to "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong were screened out after comparing differentially expressed genes in the intervention group before and after the training period,and differentially expressed genes between intervention group and control group after training period.By searching NCBI database and consulting literatures,it is speculated that genes ST6GALNAC2,LRRC32,SLC7A6,GGA1 and GLS may be involve in the gene expression mechanism of "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong.The gene ST6GALNAC2,LRRC32,GGA1 and GLS were identified by q RT-PCR and the results were consistent with the comparative analysis results.Research conclusions(1)Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong can exert the "mind-regulating" effect to alleviate the depressive state of undergraduates with subliminal depression.The typical psychiatric symptoms of somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety and hostility may be the target psychiatric symptoms of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong to relieve depressive state.(2)The core mechanism of the "mind-regulating" effect of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong to relieve depressive state may be as follows: on the basis of improving "body balance" by exerting the "body-regulating" effect to promote the center of gravity tending to the midline level,balance the stress on the supporting surface of the body and the ground,and strengthen the stability of the body.The relaxation degree of the cerebral cortical nerve cells and the coordination and balance,the synchronization reaction of the left and right hemispheres are improved as a whole on the basis of "body-balance" effect.And the orderliness of the brain area is strengthens,all of which promote the "physical and mental(brain)coordination",and then the functions of the top,central,frontal and anterior temporal regions are strengthened to activate or inhibit genes expression on the molecular level.And therefore the inflammatory microenvironment of body can be improved by synchronously activating B cell receptor signaling pathway,improving T lymphocyte level,and regulating NF-kappa B signaling pathway,astrocyte and 5-HT levels can be increased and neuronal necrosis and apoptosis can be inhibited by regulating the degradation of valine,leucine and isoleucine,and preventing glutamic acid overaccumulation,neuronal survival can be promoted and improved by specifically regulating lysosome pathway-mediated autophagy level.And then this can relieve depressive state and improve adverse mental symptom. |
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