Behavior Choice And Willingness To Pay For Rural Residents' Disposal Of Household Solid Waste

Environmental pollution of aural China is getting severe,rural residents' household solid waste is the major source of pollution.Household solid waste pollution is due to throwing away or improper disposal by rural residents.With the emissions of solid waste increased,structure complication,combined with the vast of rural area and scattering lives of rural residents,the management of non-point source pollution caused by household solid waste is getting difficult has become consensus.Environmental governance must have the participation of rural residents,rural residents' household solid waste disposal behavior is the key to deal with pollution.However,lacking of environmental infrastructure in rural area further restricts rural residents' household waste disposal behavior.In this context,study of the behavior choice and willingness to pay for disposal household waste for rural residents'has more practical significance.Based on environmental protection characteristics of rurual residents,this paper constructs a internal-external dimensions model for rural residents' household solid waste disposal behavior and willingness to pay from the perspective of institutional constraints.Internal dimension refers to the internal selection mechanism of rural residents' behavior choice and willingness to pay considering New Institutional Economics,its endogenous variables include environmental attitudes,personal characteristics and situational factors.External dimension refers to external institutional environment,this paper analysis the rural residents' household solid waste management model from the characteristic of dual structure of urban and rural environmental management,and points out that the supply of rural solid waste disposal service is the key exogenous variable affecting rural residents' behavior choice and willingness to pay.Behavior choice and willingness to pay for rural residents' household solid waste are formed by the interaction of internal mechanism and external institutional environment.Hence,this paper constructs behavior choice for rural residents' household solid waste based on the Theory of Planned Behavior,willingness to pay for rural residents'household solid waste based on the Value-Belief Model,and analysis the pathway of rural household solid waste disposal services supply on rural residents' behavior choice and willingness to pay.In the behavior choice of rural residents' household solid waste disposal model,the convenience of garbage collection facilities,village layout and householder's educational level affect the behavior choice significantly.Further analysis on social situational factors by hierarchical regression shows that,convenience of garbage collection facilities is the most critical variables affecting household solid waste disposal behavior.Analysis on willingness to pay of rural residents' household solid waste shows that,environmental awareness,educational level,age and whether to provide solid waste disposal service etc.variables have significant effect on the probability of willingness to pay;and environmental awareness,educational level and age etc.variables significantly affect the level of willingness to pay.Willingness to pay of national sample rural residents is 3.4678 Yuan/month/household,about 41.6 Yuan/year/household.There is a positive correlation between willingness to pay of rural residents and local economic development according to willingness to pay of rural residents in different province.Demands analysis shows that,willingness to pay of rural resident proportion of its total revenue is in the range of 0.38-0.70%,and rural residents in underdeveloped province like Northwest and Southwest Areas have the most urgent demand.Analysis on factors on influencing supply of rural household solid waste disposal service shows that,socio-economic conditions are the main factors influencing the supply of disposal service.,agricultural,commerce and urbanization contribute to inadequate supply of rural household solid waste disposal infrastructure.On the whole,rural residents face the double constraints of "hardware" missing and"software" missing in the governance of solid waste pollution."Hardware" missing is the lacking of waste disposal infrastructure and "software" is the lacking of environmental awareness.Rural residents characterized by combined of limited environmental awareness and limited environmental behavior from the perspective of rural residents.Rural residents have urgent demand on environmental public goods,but with lower willingness to pay.Village is still the main supply of waste disposal services.Based on existing conclusion,this paper reflects the current status of rural environmental management and proposes appropriate policy recommendations.