Integrated Water Resources Management System For Tidal Rivers In Pudong, Shanghai

The study deeply analysed the water resources environmental managementstatus at Pudong New District and the Characteristics of typical plan tidalrever-network. A reasonable control system of the environmental management forwater resources was proposed to meet the purpose of water resources, waterenvironment and water safety. The mathematical models were applied to providesupport for environmental water resources management. The management systemcontains flood prevention contol system, information support system for hydrologicaland water environment management, coastal levee management system, riversmanagement system, floodgate automatic contol system, planned water requirementmanagement system, automatic contol system for drainage pump station and waterresources allocatation decision-making system.Pudong New District is characterized by a strong artificial regulation of tidalriver-network. It is the first in China and very uncommon internationally to developthe hydrolocal, hydrodynamic and water quality modeling in such a complicatedriver-network. According to the information of 600 reivers survey, three times seven-day augmentation experiment, area-wide survey of water pollution sources,monitoring network development for hydrology and water quality, synchronousmonitoring for water quality and hydrology of drainage station, the study usedMIKE11 as support model for water resources management to apply research,technology and management to contro and management of water recouces at Pudong.The model was validated by application. Through the comparison of several mathematic models, MIKE11 was selected todevelop the hydrolocal, hydrodynamic and water quality modeling for lain tidalriver-network due to its charicteristics suitable for the water environmental situationat Pudong New District. The dissertion is divided into two parts: development ofPudong New District environment management and control system and application ofsystems. The content is listed as followig: (1) The hydrological model for whole regional area (including city areas and non-urban areas) was developed usinghydrological model, NAM of MIKE11. (2) The hydrodynamic model (HD) for NewDistrict plain tidal river-network was established using the hydrodynamic model ofMIKE11. Based on the characteristics of strong flow augmentation in a plan artificialriver-network, the model reasonablly simutated more than 20 gates in wholeriver-network, more than 10 municipal pumping stations and tributary pumpingstations in main rivers by hydraulic structures operational modules (SO). The modelwas calibrated based on the hydrological data in September 2003 with comprehensiveflow augmentation. (3) According to the water pollution situation and characteristicsat Pudong New District, dynamic water quality model was established using couplingwater quality model (BOD₅-NH₃-N-DO) of MIKE1. COD_cr as linear attenuation,calculation was carried out by the advection-diffusion (AD) module. The main waterparameters were calibrated based on the hydrological data in September 2003 withcomprehensive flow augmentation.Environmental management system was applied to test the science and validityof the model from three aspects: water resources, water environment and water safety.Through the water environment management system application analysis, the mainconclusions are: (1) The HD and dynamic water quality models were calibrated basedon the hydrological data in September 2003 with comprehensive flow augmentation.The simutated results were in good agreement with the measured results. The meanerror of water level of main stations was less than 5cm and the mean relative errorwas less than 5%. The mean relative error of pollutant concentration of main stationswas less than 5cm and the relative mean error was less than 20%. (2) Water resourcesoptimization scheduling based on the capacity of the water environment showed toimprove water environment through water augmentation was feasible. Throughrational, scientific scheduling operations, to improve water quality of major rivers atPudong New District by grades 1～2 can be realized. (3) Analysis of water qualitysimulation results in the Expo plan region showed that that Bailian Jing (Expo Reach)water quality would significantly improve after comprehensive control during Expoperiod. The key water quality indicators could meet basic requirements of landscapewater. The comprehensive rehabilitation should be need in the region of Bailian Jinghe River and the surrounding area during Expo building. Bailian River and Jinggate should be moved west to Huangpu River estuary. Inland river sluices such asChuntang River and Fen Jinghe River should be dismantled, and culvert andbeheaded rivers needed to cut through to improve storage capacity, smooth flow, andwater capacity replacement. (4) Application of the model in flood prevention controlfrom water safty aspect showed that the simulation results of prevention strategiesreflected the effect on water level and flux of the water system. Comparison with thesimulation results of no strategies situation, the adopted strategies was effective andwith higher safety factor to be used in forecast of flood prevention in the future.To further improve New District river network augmentation effects and takeinto account landscape and shipping functions, it is suggest that the water levelshould be controlled at 2.5 m～2.9 m in regular river water diversion and drainage toestablished a reasonable "four vertical and four horizontal" primer backbone riverdrainage patterns at Pudong New District.