Research On Integrated Management Of Learning Resources Based On Ontology And Web Service

In this paper, ontologies and web services are applied to integrated management of the massive learning resources. The integrated management of learning resources involves 3 main issues, namely, description of learning resources, organization of learning resources, and interoperability of learning resource management system. Ontologies are used on the semantic description and organization of learning resources, enhancing the level of interoperability and reusability of learning resources, while users themselves are utilized for the participation of resources organization to develop a hybrid mode of domain-oriented and user-oriented resources organization, which realizes the management of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge behind the massive learning resources. Web services can be used to build SOA information system, while a variety of system functions or resources are packaged as services so as to construct the integrated management system of learning resources with distributed, scalable features. Both above serve to the integrated management of the massive learning resources, in order to maximize the sharing and utilization of learning resources. To comply with the teaching law, this paper firstly studies the modern educational theory and knowledge management technology to form the theoretical basis of learning resource integrated management. Finally, with the combination of computer hardware courses resources building, it is designed to the domain-oriented and user-oriented resources organization and curriculum development system, and makes practice on the part of this paper. The main content of this paper is as follows:(1) Exploring the theoretical foundation of learning resource Integrated management, advocating to absorb two views of both cognitive and constructive teaching theory and to realize the unified management of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge resources.Cognitive teaching theory focuses on subject-centered to build and teach knowledge structure, otherwise constructive teaching theory more emphasises on learner-centered to conduct a meaningful knowledge construction. Integrated management of learning resources needs to absorb both points and combines the subject knowledge structure with customer relationship network. Knowledge can be classified as explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge, and knowledge management not only involves the explicit knowledge management, that is, information management, but also the tacit knowledge management, that is, people's management. The integrated management of learning resources as kinds of knowledge carrier should be considered as knowledge management, that's from the knowledge level to organize learning resources, and to fulfill unified management of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge.(2) Discussing the description method of learning resources based on ontology and metadata, designing the ontological metadata model of learning resources, that is, semantic learning object model and providing the ontological metadata representation.Semantic web architecture and especial ontology techniques are described, learning object technology and related learning object metadata standards are introduced, and it is stressed that ontologies and metadata should be combined to reveal the semantic and structural information of learning resources to enhance the interoperability and reusability of them. On analyzing teaching semantic model of of learning object, the semantic learning object (SLO) model is designed, which is expressed by ontology metadata of SLOM, and finally the example of OWL-based ontology metadata of SLOM is given.(3) Studying domain-oriented and user-oriented mode of learning resource organization respectively and key technologies, and advocating a combination of both to form the blended mode of resource organization.Domain-oriented organization techniques comprise classification, thesauri, ontologies, etc. and the core of which is to construct the explicit domain knowledge system. The ontology of organization technology is emphasized. User-oriented organization techniques are represented as the variety of typical Web2.0 technology, the core of which is a virtual model of user information to form a user group network. The representation and implicit mining of user interests are focused on. The two resource organization modes above are complementary. Knowledge map is a case of that, the conceptual model building process of which are discussed.(4) Designing a learning resource integrated management framework based on web service, and focusing on analysis of the 3 service components, they're domain knowledge services, user information services and learning objects services.The key of learning resource integrated management is interoperability, that's divided into metadata interoperability, ontology semantic interoperability and service interoperability etc. According to the different levels of processing information, learning resource integrated scheme is classified 3 layers, namely, presentation layer application layer and meta-data layer. Web service is the importance manner to implement service interoperability and resources integration on application layer. On basis of web services learning resources integrated management framework is designed and 3 core services such as domain knowledge services, user information services and learning objects services are devised respectively. In the end UDDI-based learning resources registration and query mechanism are investigated.(5) Constructing a learning resource management system, namely OWS-LOMS, designing 4 kinds of ontologies and system framework and achieving the visualization of domain knowledge ontology.Based on the theoretical research, to build learning resources of computer hardware system courses for example, a learning resource management system is designed, that's the OWS-LOMS. The key data structures including domain knowledge ontology, course ontology, user ontology, learning object ontology and SOA functional architecture of the system are devised. OWL ontology language and Java technology are applied to develop parts of the functional components.The main innovations are as follows:First, the establishment of the semantic learning object model for packaging and describing learning resources. Semantic learning object abbreviated as SLO is the digital teaching resources based on subject knowledge area, with certain learning prerequisites, learning objectives and teaching roles, and with a certain structure; it is specifically expressed by SLOM ontological metadata.Secondly, the odoption of the domain-oriented and user-oriented blended mode of learning resource organization, to provide users with resources retrieving manner based on subject knowledge systems and user group network. The key technologies, such as automatic annotation of knowledge ontology, representation and implicit mining of user interests are focused on.Thirdly, the design of core services of service-oriented integrated management of learning resources, respectively as domain knowledge services, user information services and learning objects sevices; building the functional reference model of learning resource integrated management system.In a word, this dissertation carries out preliminary research on the application of ontologies and web services in integrated management of resources including learning resource description, learning resource organization and interoperability of learning resource management system. Next, extraction of semantic knowledge of learning resources, personalized learning services for users, automatic discovery and composition of web services and other key techniques should be explored in-depth.