| At present,the idle and extensive use of rural homestead land in our country is becoming increasingly serious,which violates the principles and intentions of intensively and economically using land resources and protecting farmers’ legal rights and interests.Therefore,giving full play to the function of homestead and improving its functional value is a new requirement for improving the utilization efficiency of homestead and rural development.In order to solve the prominent problems of "agriculture,rural areas" and promote the all-round development of rural areas,the 19 th National Congress of the CPC has put forward the strategy of rural revitalization,among which the reform of rural homestead and the revitalizing of assets are important measures to guarantee the demand of rural revitalization land.According to the unique geographical location,natural resources,industrial development stage and other practical conditions of each village,actively explore how to fully and effectively play the function of homestead under the background of rural revitalization at the present stage,how to show and enhance the function value of homestead and other related issues.It is of great significance to promote intensive and efficient use of homestead resources,improve the homestead system and accelerate rural revitalization.According to the direction of village industry revitalization in Jian’ou City,this study divides villages into three types: characteristic agriculture type,leisure tourism type and industry-driven type.Combining with pilot villages of homestead system reform and demonstration villages of rural revitalization strategy,Liandi Village,Hutou Village and Jingqi Village are selected as the research objects.Firstly,the function evaluation model is used to evaluate the overall function of sample homestead and different types of village homestead.Then,the functional value of house base in case villages is further quantified by using the functional value calculation model to explore the potential of each village’s functional value enhancement.Finally,based on the perspective of “man-land-industry”coordinated development,it analyzes the demands of farmers and industries in different types of villages on homestead,and puts forward the path of improving the functional value of homestead in different types of villages.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The evaluation results of rural households’ homestead function based on the sample population show that the current homestead living function still occupies the main position,followed by the production and asset functions,and the social security function is relatively weak.Under the background of the implementation of rural revitalization strategy and homestead reform,although rural homestead in the current study area can effectively play its overall function,there is still a large room for improvement.According to the evaluation results of different types of villages’ homestead function,the living function and asset function of characteristic agricultural villages are at the lowest level due to the loss of labor force.Relying on the development of characteristic agriculture,the production function of homestead is equivalent to that of other types of villages,and the social security function is the strongest among the three types of villages.The improvement of the ecological environment and living conditions in leisure tourism villages has strengthened the living function of the homestead.The diversified development of rural tourism has made the production function and asset function of the homestead at a higher level,and its social security function is weak.Industrial and trade-driven villages have strong local population,and their homestead living function scores the highest.More consumption demand strengthens the production function and asset function,while the increase of income weakens the social security function.(2)The results of functional value calculation of rural homestead in different types of villages show that:(1)Per capita area of homestead is the key factor to determine the functional value of homestead life.Leisure and tourism villages and industrial and trade-driven villages have higher functional value of homestead life,while characteristic agricultural villages have the lowest functional value of life.The difference of social security function value of homestead in each village is small,and the change will not be great in the long run.(2)Different village leading industries lead to different ways of realizing the production function value of homestead,and the value is closely related to the stage of industrial development.The agricultural production function value of characteristic agricultural village house base is the highest,and the production function value of leisure tourism village and industry and trade driven village house base mainly comes from non-agricultural production function.(3)Different types of villages have great differences in the realization of functional value of homestead assets.The functional value of characteristic agricultural village house base is low and the realization way is single,while the functional value of village house base driven by leisure tourism village and industry and trade is high and the realization way is diversified.The main reason for this phenomenon is that each village has its own characteristics,the actual development stage of the village is uneven,and the implementation effect of the homestead buying and selling policy is inconsistent.(3)The main sources of total functional value of homestead in different types of villages are different.Characteristic agricultural villages are more derived from the agricultural production function and asset function of homestead,while leisure tourism and industry and trade driven villages are mainly derived from non-agricultural production function and asset function of homestead.Under the influence of village industrial development and related policies,the potential of functional value improvement of homestead is also different.Therefore,reasonable planning and administration should be carried out for the aspects with great potential of functional value improvement of homestead.In general,there is little difference between the living function value and the social security function value among different types of villages,and the improvement potential is not high.To improve the total functional value of homestead,more attention can be paid to the realization of the production function value and asset function value of homestead.(4)The homestead functional value enhancement system can be constructed from two parts: "kernel" and "outer edge",in which the kernel system is composed of three elements: "man-land-industry";The outer edge system consists of natural subsystem,social subsystem and economic subsystem.Under the joint action of the two parts of the system,the functional value of the homestead is improved.The essence of this process is that the behavior subject changes the use mode or land type of the homestead according to the social demand by comprehensively analyzing the natural,social and economic factors affecting the use of the homestead,so that the dominant function of the homestead is transformed accordingly,and the potential value of the idle and inefficient use of the homestead is explored.The "man-land-industry" elements in different types of villages show different characteristics under the effect of the outer edge system,so the emphasis and ways of realizing the functional value of village homestead are different: The improvement of functional value of homestead in characteristic agricultural villages mainly starts with agricultural production function and asset function,while the improvement of leisure tourism villages focuses on non-agricultural production function and asset function.The improvement of functional value of homestead in industry and trade driven villages mainly focuses on the living function and asset function of homestead.(5)Farmers and industries in different types of villages have different functional demands on homestead,and the improvement of its functional value should be classified and guided according to the needs of the two.Farmers in characteristic agricultural villages have more demands on homesteads for agricultural production functions and asset functions.Characteristic agriculture needs homesteads to provide processing,publicity and sales space.The functional value of homestead can be enhanced by farmers’ independent establishment of small agricultural product processing plants,"Internet + e-commerce" sales mode,exploring agricultural product culture or homestead reclamation to form characteristic agricultural product trading market.Rural tourism needs homestead to provide a place for the development of diversified business forms.The functional value of homestead can be improved by means of farmers’ independent management,joint management with village collectives,cooperative management with tourism companies or homestead reclamation to form collective construction indicators.Rural households in industrial-trade-driven villages have more needs for residential land,non-agricultural production and asset functions.Rural industries need large-scale idle residential land to extend the industrial chain and expand the industrial scale.The functional value can be improved by attracting investment,helping farmers to operate independently,employing labor force in joint enterprises,and homestead reclamation. |
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