Research On The Influence Of The Establishment Of National High-tech Zone On Enterprise Innovation

At present,a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,represented by the new generation of information technology,new energy,new materials and life science,is accelerating in the global scope,which provides a rare opportunity for the development of national high-tech zones in the new era.However,the COVID-19 epidemic has brought great impact on the global economy,politics and social life,profoundly affected the world pattern,and aggravated the complexity and uncertainty of China’s development environment.Under this background,whether the National High-tech Zone can make greater contribution to the high-quality development of national economy and society depends on whether the National High-tech Zone can significantly improve the innovation level of enterprises.Based on the quasi-natural experimental conditions issued by the policy document "Several Opinions on Giving Full Play to the Role of National High-tech Industrial Development Zones to Promote Stable and Rapid Economic Development" in 2009,this paper studies the impact of the new round of national high-tech zone establishment policies on enterprise innovation.Based on the literature review of the influencing factors of enterprise innovation and the impact of the establishment of national high-tech zones on enterprise innovation,combined with innovation cluster theory,network organization theory,proximity theory and knowledge spillover theory,this paper takes the unbalanced panel data of sample enterprises from 2008 to2015 as the research object.The multi-period double difference method(DID)was used to investigate the impact of the new round of national high-tech zone establishment policy on the innovation activities of enterprises at the overall level of the region,inside and outside the hightech zone,and the adjustment of enterprise scale and marketization degree.And this paper further studied the heterogeneous impact of the new round of national high-tech zone establishment policy on enterprises with different ownership.The empirical results show that:(1)The new round of national high-tech zone establishment policy has significantly inhibited the innovation level of enterprises in the urban area,and this inhibiting effect has a certain persistence.The research at the park level found that the new round of national high-tech zone establishment policies has a restraining effect on enterprises inside and outside the high-tech zone.(2)The research on the scale of enterprises shows that with the expansion of the scale of enterprises,the negative impact of the new round of national high-tech zone establishment policies has gradually weakened,which is on the overall level of the region and the innovation level of enterprises inside and outside the hightech zone.Research at the level of institutional environment shows that the higher the degree of marketization,the stronger the inhibitory effect of the new round of national high-tech zone establishment policies on the innovation level of enterprises at the overall level of the region.(3)Whether at the level of the region as a whole,or at the level of the high-tech zone and beyond,the new round of policies for the establishment of national high-tech zones has a significant restraining effect on domestic enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises,but has no significant impact on foreign-funded enterprises and state-owned enterprises.Based on the above research conclusions,combined with the development status of the new round of national high-tech zones,this paper puts forward four suggestions for the innovative development of national high-tech zones: improving the level of scientific and technological innovation,enhancing the governance capacity of the zones,building a mutually beneficial and win-win open economic system,and building a smart new city with high standards.