Research On The Impact Of Farmland Transfer In Different Regions On Farmers’ Livelihood

In 2020,the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee clearly mentioned that "there are still problems such as the lack of a solid agricultural foundation,unbalanced development in urban and rural areas,and shortcomings in livelihood protection in China".The guarantee capacity".As an effective way to solve the problem of "fragmentation" of rural land,agricultural land transfer can improve the efficiency of comprehensive use of rural land.Farmers’ participation in agricultural land transfer can optimize the allocation of land resources,enable the transfer of rural labor,realize large-scale operation of agricultural land,and change the livelihood level of farmers,thus leading to stable growth of agricultural production and ensuring food security.The topic of this paper comes from the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Fund Project of the Ministry of Education: Research on Decision-making Mechanism,Performance Evaluation and Improvement of Farmland Circulation Behavior from the Perspective of Livelihood Capital(Approval No.: 20YJAZH015).Based on this project,this paper is based on sustainable livelihood theory.Taking 1017 surveys in the Jianghan Plain area of Hubei Province and the eco-cultural tourism circle in western Hubei Province as examples,the analysis framework of farmers’ livelihood under the background of farmland transfer was constructed.Livelihood capital is used as an intermediary variable.The mediation effect model is used to study the influence of farmland transfer on livelihood strategies,and the multivariate Logistic model is used to analyze the impact of farmland transfer on farmers’ livelihood outcomes,so as to provide decision-making reference for improving farmland transfer policies and improving farmers’ livelihood levels.conclusion as below:(1)There are spatial regional differences in farm household livelihood capital,the smaller the topographic relief,the higher the farm household livelihood capital and vice versa,the natural capital decreases significantly after farmland transfer out,but physical,human,social and financial capital all increase to different degrees,and the natural,physical,social and financial capital of farmland transfer-in households all increase to different degrees,but human capital decreases to some extent.(2)The livelihood capital of farm households changed accordingly after the transfer of farmland,which had a significant impact on the change of livelihood strategy,and the livelihood capital played a mediating role in the influence of farmland transfer on livelihood strategy.(3)After the transfer of farmland,farmers tend to engage in non-farm livelihood activities,and natural capital has a significant negative effect on farmers’ choice of part-time and non-farm livelihood strategies,while human capital and financial capital have a significant positive effect on farmers’ choice of part-time and non-farm livelihood strategies;after the transfer of farmland,farmers tend to engage in agricultural labor rather than part-time livelihood activities,and natural capital,social capital and financial capital have a significant positive effect on farmers’ choice of part-time and non-farm livelihood strategies.Natural capital,social capital and financial capital have significant negative effects on farmers’ choice of part-time and non-farm livelihood strategies.(4)Transfer of farmland has a significant effect on the livelihood outcomes of farm households.Farmland transfer out and farmland transfer in have different effects on farm households’ household income,sense of well-being,level of rights and interests protection,and satisfaction with village development in the two regions.farmland transfer-in households have positive and significant effects on household income,sense of living well-being,and level of rights and interests protection,but the effect of farmland transfer-in households on satisfaction with village development in the Exi circle area is not significant.Based on the empirical analysis,the following suggestions are made:(1)Develop technical training to enhance the labor skill level of farm households,increase the investment in education in rural areas in general,improve the schooling rate of rural school-age population,and improve the human capital of farm households.(2)Improve the employment system,improve the investment environment in rural areas,optimize loan channels for farmers,promote the development of inclusive finance,establish a sound diversified financing mechanism,and safeguard the financial capital of farmers.(3)Improve the quality of agricultural land,improve village roads,irrigation and other infrastructure,increase agricultural output,and improve natural capital.(4)Village collectives can rely on cooperatives to strengthen communication among villagers,expand social networks,and improve social capital.(5)Guaranteeing farmers’ equal rights to public services and their physical capital.(6)To formulate different policies and measures for farmers who choose different livelihood strategies,so as to improve the level of livelihood capital of different types of farmers and promote the diversification of livelihood strategies,thus realizing sustainable livelihoods.