Research On The Impact Of Livelihood Capital And Livelihood Strategy On Farmers’ Land Transfer

Land circulation is to solve the problems of the rural land abandoned idle and finely good way,it can promote the land moderate scale,intensive management,accelerate the mechanization of farming,improve the efficiency of land use,increase farmers’ income,narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,in order to achieve the goal of transforming the traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.It can be seen that land circulation is an important way to promote agricultural modernization.The first document of the Central Committee in 2021 and the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China both emphasize "accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas".As an effective way to realize agricultural modernization,it is of great practical significance to explore innovative ways to promote orderly transfer of land resources for intensive use of land and accelerate the modernization of rural agriculture.As decision-makers of land transfer,farmers will consider the overall capital of their family before making decisions on land transfer,and make more favorable choices according to the richness of their livelihood capital such as labor,land and technology.Then how will different types of livelihood capital affect farmers’ land circulation? What is the internal mechanism?This is the focus of this paper.Based on this,the following contents are studied in this paper :(1)Analyze the theoretical basis of livelihood capital on farmers’ land transfer,try to construct the theoretical framework of "livelihood capital-livelihood strategy-land transfer",and determine its internal mechanism.(2)The index system of livelihood capital of farmers in Liaoning Province was established.Descriptive statistical analysis and comparative analysis were used to understand the livelihood capital and land transfer status of sample farmers in Liaoning Province,as well as the differences of land transfer and livelihood capital of farmers under different livelihood strategies.(3)On the basis of theoretical analysis and current situation analysis,using the survey data of "hundreds of villages and thousands of households" in Liaoning Province,and based on structural equation model method,empirically test the impact of different types of livelihood capital on farmers’ land transfer.(4)The variable of livelihood strategy was introduced into the structural equation model to explore the influence mechanism of livelihood capital on farmers’ land transfer and calculate the contribution rate of livelihood strategy in different types of livelihood capital affecting farmers’ land transfer.Through this study,the following conclusions are drawn :(1)the results of descriptive statistical analysis show that the levels of human capital,natural capital and financial capital of farmers are relatively high,while the levels of physical capital and social capital are relatively low.The number of peasant households participating in land outward transfer is relatively large,while the number of peasant households participating in land inward transfer is relatively small,but the overall scale of land outward transfer is obviously lower than that of land inward transfer.By dividing the samples into different livelihood strategies,it is found that: Sample group livelihood policies on agriculture,farmers,on average,which is mainly composed of non-agricultural land outward transfer rate is significantly lower than the sample group,significantly better than the average inward transfer rate of land into non-agricultural primarily in the sample group,human capital level is lower than the sample group of mainly non-agricultural,natural capital,physical capital,financial capital and social capital than is given priority to with non-farm sample group.(2)The empirical results show that human capital and social capital have a significant positive impact on the land outward transfer rate,while natural capital,physical capital and financial capital have a significant negative impact on the land outward transfer rate.In the study of the impact of livelihood capital on farmers’ land inward transfer rate,natural capital,physical capital,financial capital and social capital have a significant positive impact on the land inward transfer rate,while human capital has a significant negative impact on the land inward transfer rate.(3)Livelihood strategy has a significant mediating effect on the impact of livelihood capital on farmers’ land transfer.In the study of the impact of livelihood capital on land outward transfer rate,livelihood strategy plays a complete intermediary role in the impact of human capital on land outward transfer rate.In the influence of material capital on the land outward transfer rate,there is some intermediary effect.There is no intermediary utility in the influence path of natural capital,financial capital and social capital on land outward transfer rate.In the study of the impact of livelihood capital on land inward transfer rate,livelihood strategy plays a complete intermediary role in the impact of human capital on land inward transfer rate.Material capital and social capital play a part of intermediary effect on the land inward transfer rate,but the indirect effect of social capital on the land inward transfer rate is small.There is no intermediary effect between natural capital and financial capital on land inward transfer rate.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper suggests that local governments and relevant management departments should fully consider the differences of farmers’ livelihood capital in the process of perfecting the land transfer market.Rural households with high levels of physical,natural and financial capital will be encouraged to form appropriate scale operations.On the contrary,farmers with low levels of physical,natural and financial capital and high levels of human capital are encouraged to move out of the land.Adjust measures to local conditions,change peasant household livelihood capital allocation.We will raise the level of physical and financial capital for rural households to move out of areas where there is more land and into areas where there is less demand.The level of human capital should be improved for rural households to move out of areas with more demand and less land.We will improve the rural land information service platform and make up for the low social capital of rural households.We will optimize the employment environment for rural labor and promote both non-agricultural employment and professional agriculture.