| "The people are the foundation of the country,and the valley is the life of the people".Food security has always been the foundation of a country’s economic and social stability and development.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has attached great importance to the development of grain production and food security,and has put forward a new food security concept of "ensuring basic self-sufficiency of grains and absolute security of rations".my country is striving to build a food security guarantee system,and the grain output will be stable at more than 1.3 trillion kilograms from 2015 to 2021.Since 2004,my country’s grain production has achieved "eighteen consecutive harvests".Only by going all out to do a good job in food production can we stabilize the "ballast stone" of food security and firmly hold the Chinese people’s rice bowl in their own hands.Therefore,to ensure grain output,it is necessary to stabilize the sown area of grain,optimize the planting structure of crops,stabilize grain rations,stabilize corn,expand soybean,and expand oil crops,and make up for structural imbalances.The unique geological features and geographical environment of Guizhou Province make it have unique climatic conditions and water conservancy conditions,coupled with the inconsistency of the spatial and temporal distribution of light,heat and water and the spatial and temporal requirements of food production,the impact of crop planting structure on crop yield more prominent.According to a statistical survey by the Grain Bureau of Guizhou Province,in the past ten years,Guizhou Province has purchased an average of 2.327 million tons of grain from outside the province every year.With the rapid growth of population demand,the gap between food supply and demand is gradually widening,and food security will face severe challenges.Therefore,in-depth study of the temporal and spatial evolution of crop planting structure in Guizhou Province is conducive to rationally distributing the planting industry and optimizing the allocation of agricultural resources.This paper first selects the agricultural statistical data of Guizhou Province from1999 to 2019 as the data source,based on the factor endowment theory,agricultural location theory and comparative advantage theory,using statistical analysis and GIS spatial analysis methods to analyze the time dimension and space of crops in the study area.The change trend in dimension;secondly,the factors affecting the evolution of crop planting structure in Guizhou Province were found out through SPSS statistical analysis;Again,CANOCO5 software was used to analyze the driving force intensity of the main influencing factors,and treat the factor dimension reduction to reveal the evolution mechanism of the spatial and temporal pattern of crop planting structure.The research results show that:(1)through the driving force analysis of crop planting structure evolution in Guizhou,the affected area,effective irrigation area,urbanization level,agricultural population,agricultural machinery,temperature,storage transportation value,fertilizer usage,agricultural means of production price index and annual average precipitation as the main impact factor,the cumulative contribution rate of 90.594%.(2)crop planting structure in Guizhou Province has been continuously optimized,the proportion of grain crops has been continuously adjusted,the proportion of inefficient crops such as corn and wheat has been continuously reduced,and the proportion of efficient cash crops such as vegetables,fruits and rapeseed has been rapidly increased.(3)promotes the optimization and adjustment of crop structure to evaluate the suitability of planting structure in mountainous areas;make market-oriented strategic planning of crop planting areas;adopt diversified planting mode to protect crop resources. |
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