Research On Gamification Design Elements And Applicaton Path Of Children Physical Activity

Early childhood is a period rapid of physical and functional development of children.Regular physical activity is an effective way to promote children’s physical health.Designing and carrying out physical activity in the form of gamification is more in line with the characteristics of kindergarten curriculum and the needs of children’s physical and mental development.With the high attention paid to children’s health and well-being,relevant studies on children’s physical activities have become increasingly abundant.Previous literatures also pointed out that physical activities should be carried out in the form of gamification to stimulate children’s interest,but there is a lack of discussion on key issues such as theoretical basis,elements of gamification design and application path of children’s physical activities.Based on this,this study uses literature method,grounded theory method,video analysis method and other methods to sort out the theoretical basis of gamified design of children’s physical activities,build a gamified design element system for children’s physical activities,and refine three basic application paths of gamified design elements for children’s physical activities.The study found:1.The gamification design elements of children’s physical activities are mainly composed of three different levels of elements,namely,motivation element,propulsion element and component element.Among them,motivation elements mainly include task drive,situation creation,activity feedback,peer interaction and autonomous action,which are located at the top of the gamification design element system of children’s physical activities.They play a leading role in the gamification design and implementation process of physical activities,and determine the application direction of gamification design elements.The promoting elements mainly include 13 elements,such as tasks,rules and challenges,plots and roles,process prompts,rewards and encouragement,peer communication,cooperation and competition,independent choice and independent exploration,which are located in the middle layer of the gamification design element system of children’s physical activities and serve the motivation element.The component elements mainly include 42 basic elements,such as animal roles,ways of moving the body,setting movement obstacles,speed competition,movement guidance or demonstration,etc.,which are located at the lowest level of the gamification design element system of children’s physical activities,and support the concrete realization of promoting elements and dynamic elements.2.The application of gamification design elements for children’s physical activities has certain age characteristics.In small-class physical activities,the top five propelling elements are rules,plot,challenge,task and role,while the bottom five are cooperation,independent choice,competition,encouragement and reward.The five most frequently used components were consolidation exercises,animal characters,ways to move the body,creating problem situations and changing actions according to signals,while the five least frequently used components were choosing game characters,encouraging children to express ideas,material rewards,sharing game experiences,quantity contests and choosing partners.In the middle shift physical activities,the five most frequently used propelling elements are tasks,rules,challenges,plots and peer communication,while the five least frequently used propelling elements are cooperation,encouragement,independent choice,reward and competition.The five most frequently used components were consolidating exercises,life plots,setting movement obstacles,ways to move the body,introducing gameplay or demonstrating actions,while the five least frequently used components were skill competitions,choosing roles,encouraging children to express ideas,discovering new gameplay together,and military plots.In the large-class physical activity system,the five most frequently used propelling elements are task,challenge,plot,rules and process prompts,while the five least frequently used propelling elements are reward,encouragement,independent choice,competition and role.The five most frequently used components were consolidation exercises,life scenarios,limiting body movements,setting movement barriers and exploratory exercises,while the five least frequently used components were selection of roles,encouraging children to express ideas,strategic thinking and action,insect roles and other roles.3.Gamification design elements are mainly applied in physical activities of children of different ages through beauty of life,path of interest and hero’s journey.Among them,the beauty of life is to "draw materials" from children’s daily life familiar life events,life objects or natural phenomena,to create life-style physical exercise situation;The path of interest is to develop physical activities by exploring material play,body movements,or by developing multiple games in succession and exploring new plays in the game.The hero’s journey is to create a difficult plot by teachers and give children a role to complete multiple role tasks.Teachers are the supporters who create and drive the story.