| Since the beginning of the 21 st century,under the multiple impacts of demographic,social and economic trends,the young generation is not only faced with more and more complex financial products and services than their parents’ generation,but also needs to assume more responsibility for their own financial security.In addition,personal financial literacy will also affect the benign operation of the whole social economy.So the importance of financial literacy is becoming increasingly prominent.However,it is difficult to effectively improve personal financial literacy only by relying on simple family education and personal socialization experience.Financial and economic literacy education by means of school is considered to be a feasible and effective way.However,due to the curriculum status of financial literacy education in schools and the practical orientation of its content,how to effectively implement financial literacy education in primary and secondary schools is a practical problem at present.However,the United States has rich practical experience and certain lessons in the implementation of financial literacy education in primary and secondary schools.Therefore,this study mainly takes financial literacy education in American primary and secondary schools as the research object,and investigates the background,educational objectives,implementation path,guarantee mechanism and effect of the rise and development of financial literacy education in American primary and secondary schools.This study adopts the literature research method and draws the following conclusions through literature analysis:Influenced by the impact of the 2008 financial crisis in the United States and the increasingly complex financial market in the United States,there is a growing call for promoting financial literacy education in primary and secondary schools in the United States.In addition,the differences between social classes and groups in the United States have led to the widening gap between the rich and the poor.The quality of financial literacy education varies greatly among different states and different student ranges in the same state,and the former economic education cannot respond to the current economic and social demand for students’ financial literacy.It is under these circumstances that financial literacy education in primary and secondary schools in the United States is gradually emerging.Financial literacy education in American primary and secondary schools aims to improve students’ financial knowledge and skills,guide correct financial behaviors,and shape rational financial attitudes.Under the guidance of this goal,four implementation paths of financial literacy education have been gradually formed.They are penetrative financial literacy education,independent financial literacy education,active financial literacy education and project-complementary financial literacy education.The four implementation paths complement and promote each other to jointly improve the financial literacy level of American primary and secondary school students.In order to guarantee the effective implementation of financial literacy education in primary and secondary schools,the United States has formed a guarantee mechanism with policy guarantee,organizational guarantee and system guarantee as the core.Facts have proved that financial literacy education in American primary and secondary schools has indeed deepened students’ understanding of financial knowledge,improved their ability to act on financial literacy,and shaped their positive financial attitudes.However,financial literacy education in American primary and secondary schools still has the following problems: first,the implementation quality of financial literacy education in American states is uneven;Second,the quality of teachers teaching financial literacy education is uneven;Third,the effect of financial literacy education still lacks of feasible and effective evaluation. |
