Study On The Effect Of Speed-based Squat Strength Training On Lower Limb Explosiveness And Special Performance Of Breaststroke Students

Objective:This paper compares the speed-based strength training(VBT)with the percentage based strength training(PBT),analyzes the effects of the two strength training modes on the lower limb explosive power and special performance of breaststroke students,investigates the differences between the two strength training modes on improving the lower limb explosive power and special performance of breaststroke students,and provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the use of VBT training in the field of sports science.This paper provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the use of VBT training in sports science.Methods: This paper used several research methods such as literature method,expert interview method,experimental method and mathematical and statistical method to select 22 swimming special students from the School of Athletic Training of Nanjing Sports College and randomly divided them into experimental group(n=11)and control group(n=11).The control group used percentage-based deep squat strength training with a constant load of 75% 1RM;the experimental group used velocity-based deep squat strength training(VBT)with a range of velocity values corresponding to a 75% 1RM load.Both the control group and the experimental group performed posterior neck squat training for 6 weeks with 4 sets × 6 reps 3 times per week.Before and after training,subjects in both groups were tested for lower limb explosive strength related indexes such as posterior neck squat 1RM value,squat jump,half squat jump,30 m sprint run,15 m support board breaststroke leg,25 m support board breaststroke leg,50 m support board breaststroke leg and 50 m breaststroke with swimming index.By manual measurement and instrumental analysis,the test data were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS26.0 for each index measured.Results:(1)After 6 weeks of strength training,the 1RM values of the behind-the-neck squat were significantly higher in both the control group(P<0.001)and the experimental group(P<0.001).(2)After 6 weeks of strength training,the CMJ and SJ jump heights were significantly increased in the control group CMJ(P=0.048)and SJ(P=0.030)and in the experimental group CMJ(P=0.007)and SJ(P=0.018).(3)After 6 weeks of strength training,the 30-meter sprint performance improved in both the control group(P=0.076)and the experimental group(P=0.066),but there was no statistical difference.(4)After 6 weeks of strength training,the departure distance into the water was significantly improved in both the control group(P=0.047)and the experimental group(P=0.014).(5)After 6 weeks of strength training,the performance of the15-meter head-up and board-supported breaststroke leg in the control group(P=0.028)improved significantly,and the performance of the25-meter head-up and board-supported breaststroke leg,the performance of the 50-meter head-up and board-supported breaststroke leg,and the frequency of the 50-meter head-up and board-supported breaststroke leg improved,but there was no significant difference;the performance of the15-meter head-up and board-supported breaststroke leg(P=0.024)and the25-meter head-up and board-supported breaststroke leg(P=0.040)in the experimental group improved significantly.(P=0.040)were significantly improved,and the performance of 50 m head-raising and board-raising breaststroke leg and frequency of 50 m head-raising and board-raising breaststroke leg were improved,but there was no significant difference.(6)After 6 weeks of strength training,the 50 m breaststroke with swimming performance of the control group(P=0.064)improved,but there was no significant difference,and the 50 m breaststroke with swimming performance of the experimental group(P=0.024)significantly improved.(7)After 6 weeks of strength training,there were significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the increase of 1RM deep squat value behind the neck(P=0.048),CMJ(P=0.037),SJ(P=0.049)and 15-meter head-up and board-supported breaststroke leg performance(P=0.045).Conclusion:(1)The experiment uses new sports monitoring methods such as Gymaware to train and evaluate the explosiveness of swimming special students,which can flexibly adjust the training load according to the land training status of swimming special students,so as to scientifically set the training intensity,training volume and other load indicators of each training session,and give objective and real-time quantitative monitoring and feedback.(2)After 6 weeks of strength training intervention,compared with percentage-based strength training,speed-based strength training had a better effect on the lower limb explosiveness and special sports performance of breaststroke special students,which could more effectively improve sports performance and achieve the effect of transferring land-based special explosive power to water-based special performance.(3)Because land strength training accounts for a relatively small proportion of the overall training arrangement,the disadvantage of percentage-based strength training is that it ignores the daily physiological fatigue of athletes,the quality of completed movements and the growth of personal strength,while speed-based strength training makes up for its shortcomings and achieves the effect of controlling excessive fatigue,improving training efficiency,and avoiding training injuries.