Research On Parents’ Demand For Public-benefit Kindergarten Education Services

Since 2010,China has begun to vigorously promote the construction of publicbenefit kindergartens,and preschool education resources have been increasing.But at the same time,regional and structural resource contradictions are further highlighted.In this period of deepening reform of universal early childhood education,the assessment of parents’ demand for public-benefit kindergarten education service conducive to timely adjusting the supply plan and supply content of the universal preschool education public service system.Therefore,this study attempts to focus on the following questions:1.What models should be used to scientifically evaluate the demand for inclusive kindergarten education services?2.What is the current situation of the kindergarten parents’ demand for publicbenefit kindergarten education services3.What are the different levels of demand of different groups of parents and the influencing factors? What are the potential demand groups?4.How to meet parents’ demand for public-benefit kindergarten education services?In order to answer the above questions,first of all,this study preliminarily constructs the public-benefit kindergarten education service demand assessment index system based on relevant data combing and interviews.In addition,based on this,a parents’ needs assessment tool was developed to conduct a questionnaire survey among1,048 parents of Ph Ks in 11 cities of Yangtze River Delta region.Finally,a 5E demand assessment model for public-benefit kindergarten education services is formed,which includes five first-level indicators,namely Eligibility,Everyone,Expertise,Enjoyability and Enforcement.In addition,there are 10 secondary indexes and 33 tertiary indexes.The model has good reliability and structural validity.Secondly,this study uses the “Public-benefit Kindergarten Education Service Demand Questionnaire” to understand the current situation of parents’ demand for public-benefit kindergarten education services.It is found that(1)At present,parents’ demand for public-benefit kindergarten education services belongs to One-dimensional Requirement and Attractive Requirement on the whole,showing the characteristics of high expectation and moderate dependence;(2)There are differences in the level of parents’ demand in the aspects of family factors,children factors,kindergarten factors and social factors;(3)The level of parents’ demand for each level of education service index is affected to varying degrees by parents’ age,educational background,relationship with children,kindergarten system,kindergarten level and city size;(4)Parent groups can be divided into four types: “high requirements-easy to meet”,“low requirements-difficult to meet”,“high requirements-difficult to meet”,“low requirements-easy to meet”.Through the questionnaire messages and interviews of parents,the characteristics of parents’ demand for public-benefit kindergarten education services were summarized as follows: the coexistence of expectation and dependence,satisfaction and want,silence and contention,misunderstanding and reasonability.Finally,in order to explore the way to meet parents’ demands,this study built a demand-supply hierarchy model and invited 10 experts in the field of early childhood education policy to conduct analytic hierarchy process analysis from the perspective of supply.Combining the demand and supply perspectives,the key elements of demand satisfaction are refined,including the bottom line element ‘Access to Kindergarten’,the basic elements ‘Meet the Basic Requirements’,the quality elements ‘Achieve Better Education Quality’ and the implicit element ‘Be able to Consider for Me’.At the same time,it also excavates the existing dilemma of demand satisfaction,including(1)the voice of the demand subject;(2)the prohibition of key contradictions;(3)the imbalance of resource matching;(4)deviation of subject responsibility;(5)The alienation of teachers’ functions.In view of the above difficulties,this study combined with the existing literature,from the perspective of the whole process of demand identification to supply,proposed the path of parents’ demand satisfaction,including(1)One center:find the ‘people-oriented’ demand satisfaction positioning;(2)One channel: smooth expression channel for demand identification;(3)Three subjects: coordination between supply and demand of government,kindergarten and family;(4)Two-way comparison:analyze group differences and resource matching;(5)Two types of supply: from compensation supply to quality supply to fully meet the demand;(6)Two kinds of moderation: grasp the advancing rhythm of universal benefit.