Research On The Impact Of Fertility Policy Adjustment On Women’s Employment Quality

Women are both bearers of population production and main builders of social production.In the critical period of China’s industrial structure and demographic transformation,women will feel the dual pressure from the labor market and demographic change.China’s birth policy has gone through the stage of encouraging and relaxing childbirth,the stage of strict family planning and the stage of strict family planning adjustment,and the autonomy of childbirth has gradually returned to the family.Judging from the demographic data released over the years,China’s birth rate has continued to decline,the aging of the population has further intensified,and the demographic transformation is facing great pressure.Employment is the most basic people’s livelihood,but also the largest people’s livelihood,to achieve fuller and higher quality employment is an inherent requirement of a modern socialist country,and also an important guarantee for practicing people-oriented and promoting common prosperity.This paper uses the theory of labor market segmentation,human capital theory,and the theory of comparative advantage of family division of labor,selects the 2020 China Household Longitudinal Survey(CFPS)data,constructs employment quality evaluation indicators on existing research,and uses the entropy method to quantify the weights of each index and analyze the current situation of female employment quality.This paper uses the empirical study of regression model to find that the factors influencing the quality of female employment are more complex,and the number of children,work intensity,job security,job promotion,human capital investment,income level,etc.will all affect the quality of female employment,and the improvement of this job security,human capital investment,income level and other influencing factors can significantly improve the quality of female employment.This study shows that the adjustment of fertility policy with the number of children as the core variable has a greater impact on the quality of female employment,and the adjustment of fertility policy is negatively correlated with the quality of female employment,that is,the number of children increases and the quality of female employment decreases.The effect of the number of children on the quality of employment is heterogeneous.Under the background of the adjustment of the birth policy,women face problems such as insufficient protection of employment rights and interests,excessive burden of childbirth and parenting,low cost of human investment,and insufficient public childcare services.In order to create a good fertility atmosphere and a fair employment environment,this paper argues that the government can optimize policies from four aspects: improving the legal security system,improving the maternity security system,improving the childcare service guarantee,and strengthening the investment in women’s human capital.At the enterprise level,the employment system can be standardized,and countermeasures can be optimized in terms of flexible employment forms;At the individual level,we can advocate a reasonable division of labor in the family and actively improve personal human capital to optimize countermeasures.Through the government,enterprises and families,the three parties have made efforts to jointly solve the problem of improving the quality of women’s employment under the background of the adjustment of the birth policy.