Comparative Study On Disease Cognition Between Zhang Zhongjing And The Four Great Masters Of Jin And Yuan Dynastie

Zhang Zhongjing was a famous doctor in the late Eastern Han Dynasty in China,and was honored as’medical saint’ by later generations.Zhang Zhongjing was diligent in ancient precepts and learned from many prescriptions,and wrote the masterpieces Shanghan Lun and Jingui Yaolue.For the study of Zhang Zhongjing’s academic thought,later generations of doctors have been diligent and fruitful.Based on Zhang Zhongjing’s works,this paper analyzes Zhang Zhongjing’s academic views from six perspectives of disease cognition.Combined with the background of the times,compare the similarities and differences between Zhang Zhongjing and the four great masters of traditional Chinese Medicine in Jin and Yuan Dynasties on disease cognition.Through comparative study,this paper analyzes the internal causes of the similarities and differences,and clarifies Zhang Zhongjing’s academic thought and the inheritance and development of Zhang Zhongjing’s academic thought by the four great masters of traditional Chinese Medicine in Jin and Yuan Dynasties.The full text analyzes the cognition of Zhang Zhongjing and the four great masters of traditional Chinese Medicine in Jin and Yuan Dynasties on diseases from six perspectives:exogenous disease and internal injury disease,typhoid fever and non-typhoid fever,typhoid fever and typhoid fever without fever,six-meridian disease and viscera disease typhoid disease and deteriorated disease and Qi disease and water disease.The first part introduces the historical background of Zhang Zhongjing and the four great Masters of traditional Chinese Medicine in Jin and Yuan Dynasties,in order to provide clues for comparing the disease cognition of Zhang Zhongjing and the four great Masters of traditional Chinese Medicine in Jin and Yuan Dynasties.The second part introduces the six main points of Tradiontionl Chinese Medicine disease cognition,and clarifies the logical relationship between the six points,namely,exogenous disease and internal injury disease,typhoid fever and non-typhoid fever,typhoid fever and typhoid fever without fever,six-meridian disease and viscera disease,typhoid disease and deteriorated disease and Qi disease and water disease.Exogenous and internal injuries are the most basic points of disease cognition.In exogenous diseases,typhoid fever is the first cause,and typhoid fever is the primary position.From exogenous diseases,the cognitive points of typhoid fever and non-cold diseases are introduced.From the cold evil as a result of the human body,the main point of heat and non-heat is drawn..From the specific disease location of exterior syndrome and interior syndrome,the six meridians and viscera are derived.From the syndrome stage of the disease,the point of typhoid disease and deteriorated disease is derived From the depth of the disease location,the Qi disease and water disease and are drawn.The third part discusses the cognition of Zhang Zhongjing and the four great Masters of traditional Chinese Medicine in Jin and Yuan Dynasties on the main points of disease.From the basic disease classification method of exogenous and internal injuries,the category of exogenous and internal injuries of Zhang Zhongjing was clarified.There are various causes of exogenous diseases,so the scope of exogenous diseases is greater than that of typhoid fever.There are non-typhoid exogenous diseases in miscellaneous diseases,so the scope of miscellaneous diseases is greater than that of internal injuries.Li Dongyuan’s emphasis on spleen and stomach diseases is actually the development and inheritance of Zhang Zhongjing’s internal injury spleen and stomach diseases.Starting from the original structure of Zhang Zhongjing’s works,in the original structure of Zhang Zhongjing’s works,Zhang Zhongjing separated typhoid fever from other diseases.Combined with the climatic conditions of Zhang Zhongjing’s era,the reason why Zhang Zhongjing isolated typhoid fever was related to the high incidence of typhoid fever caused by sudden drop in temperature.The original meaning of Zhang Zhongjing’s typhoid fever is to hurt the cold evil,except for the special group of women’s diseases,the diseases that are not typhoid are miscellaneous diseases.Liu Wansu,Zhang Congzheng and Zhu Danxi’s understanding of typhoid fever is different from that of Zhang Zhongjing.On the basis of Zhang Zhongjing’s inheritance of Huangdi Neijing and Nanjing,this paper explores the subtypes of Zhang Zhongjing’s generalized typhoid fever.It is based on the presence or absence of heat.Stroke is non-heat,typhoid is non-heat,febrile disease is heat depression and febrile disease is heat,which reflects the dynamic process of cold depression and heat transformation after typhoid fever.Liu Wansu,as a representative of the’cold school’,actually attaches importance to the pathogenesis of typhoid fever after heat transformation.In the framework of Zhang Zhongjing’s generalized typhoid fever,it is actually a warm fever.From the time and space characteristics of the six meridians,the time and space characteristics of the six meridian diseases were analyzed.The exterior syndrome of Taiyang disease was significant and lasting,the exterior syndrome of Yangming disease was typical but short,the exterior syndrome of Shaoyang disease was hidden but lasting,and the exterior syndrome of Sanyin disease was hidden and shrt.When typhoid fever can not be solved in the meridians,the internal organs are transmitted.At this time,the concept of six-channel disease is no longer the focus,but more with the method of syndrome differentiation of viscera.Therefore,six-channel disease and viscera disease can not be confused.Zhu Danxi often confused the six meridians with the viscera.Li Dongyuan’s thought of attaching importance to the spleen and stomach is actually the inheritance and development of Zhang Zhongjing’s view of spleen and stomach.From the analysis of the dynamic process of disease,the two principles of exterior and interior are of great significance for the analysis of the current syndrome stage of the disease.Therefore,the concept of exterior syndrome is different from that of exogenous disease and sixmeridian disease.Typhoid disease has the transformation of syndromes in the surface.The process of typhoid fever from the surface to the inside is accompanied by the occurrence of typhoid disease and deteriorated disease.The view of miscellaneous diseases in typhoid fever’actually confuses typhoid fever and miscellaneous diseases.Liu Wansu and Zhang Congzheng combined the exterior syndrome with the internal syndrome with the published treatment,which was actually to block the disease from transforming into heat and causing other diseases.From the perspective of Qi theory of nature,correctly understand the equal status of Yin and Yang.Zhang Zhongjing’s medical framework is the combination of Qi and tangible structure.Yin and Yang are invisible Qi,and essence,blood and body fluid are tangible structures.Both of them are originated from Qi,so the concepts of Yin Qi and Yin blood are not the same.Under the influence of Zhu Danxi’s neo-confucianism,he believed that’ Yang is often more than Yin,Yin is often less than Yin’,which is Yin blood,not Yin Qi.