A Study On Emotional Academic Thoughts Of Liu Wansu,one Of The Four Great Masters Of Jin And Yuan Dynasties

[Objective]To summarize the emotional academic thoughts of Liu Wansu,one of the four great masters of Jin and Yuan dynasties,provide ideas for the clinical treatment of abnormal emotions and related diseases,and supplement the content of the emotional theory system of traditional Chinese medicine.[Methods]With the help of the library of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure,this paper will excavate and sort the ancient books and modern literature,and summarize Liu Wansu’ s academic thoughts on emotion from six aspects:the concept of emotion,the etiology and pathogenesis of abnormal emotions and related diseases,the pathogenic characteristics of emotion,the treatment of abnormal emotions and related diseases,and the emotional health preservation.At the same time,the prescriptions for the treatment of angry,shock,annoyance,and related diseases in HuangDi SuWenXuanMingLunFang and SuWenBingJiQiYiBaoMingJi will be included in the Excel database respectively.According to the traditional Chinese pharmacology published by China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine,edited by Zhong Gansheng in 2012,the properties and tastes of traditional Chinese medicine will be determined.The most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines,properties and tastes will be statistically analyzed,and the medication characteristics of Liu Wansu in the treatment of angry,shock,annoyance,and related diseases will be summarized.[Results]Liu Wansu’s understanding of the concept of emotion includes two aspects:Qiqing and Wuzhi.His understanding of Qiqing comes from the book of rites,which holds that Qiqing refer to happiness,anger,sadness,fear,love,disgust and desire（like）,which are inherent in human beings.His understanding of the Wuzhi comes from Su Wen.It believes that Wuzhi refers to anger,happiness,sadness（gloom）,contemplation and fear.They come from the gasification function of the five internal organs and belong to the five internal organs respectively.Anger belongs to the liver,happiness to the heart,contemplation to the spleen,sadness（gloom）to the lung and fear to the kidney.In terms of etiology:Liu Wansu believes that abnormal emotions and related diseases are related to improper upbringing,diet and drugs,and inappropriate treatment.In terms of pathogenesis:Liu Wansu believes that abnormal emotions and related diseases are mostly related to fire and heat.Fire and heat makes the lung dry and then sad.In addition,the occurrence of sadness is also related to the deficiency of heart-Qi and lung-Qi,the deficiency of visceral Yin and the internal disturbance of virtual-heat.When the fire and heat of heart is prosperity,happiness and laughter will occur.When the kidney-water is deficient and the heart-fire is prosperous,people will lose volition and be ashamed and itchy.And then they will laugh.The occurrence of shock is related to the sudden disturbance of mind,caused by the excess of heart-fire,the accumulated internal heat,the decline of kidney-water and the excess of heart-fire.The fire restricts the gold and the wood can not be flattened by the gold.Then the wind and fire fight with each other.And the infantile convulsions will occur.In addition,the occurrence of shock is also related to the deficiency of gallbladder,the deficiency of blood of the heart and liver.The occurrence of fear is related to the deficiency of kidney-water,which causes the loss of volition of the kidney,and the deficiency of liver-Qi.In addition,the occurrence of fear is also related to the deficiency of heart-Qi,and the deficiency of gallbladder-Qi.The occurrence of angry is related to the prosperous heart-fire,and the decline of water and excess of fire,causing the prosperity of liver.In addition,the occurrence of anger is also related to the stagnation of Yang-Qi of liver and gallbladder.The occurrence of hesitation is related to the loss of volition of kidney,which is caused by the deficiency of kidney-water owing to the excess of fire.At the same time,the deficiency of gallbladder and the virtual-heat of liver can also lead to indecision.The occurrence of annoyance is related to the restless of mind caused by the inflammation of the heart-fire,the heat of the heart diaphragm,the deficiency of liver blood,and the deficiency of kidney-water and the excess of heart-fire.In addition,the flourishing fire,caused by the deficiency of Qi,blood and Yin,disturbs the heart and it can also lead to annoyance.When the heat is abundant inside,the mind is restless,and there are chagrin and annoyance.When the heat is abundant outside,the limbs are restless.The occurrence of depressive psychosis is related to the happiness caused by the excess of heart-fire.The occurrence of manic psychosis is related to the anger due to the excess of liver-Qi which is caused by that the prosperous fire restricts the gold and wood can not be flattened by the gold.In addition,The occurrence of depressive psychosis and manic psychosis are also related to the phlegm and fire,which puzzle the mind.The occurrence of stroke is mostly caused by the flourish of fire and heat owing to the excess of emotions.In terms of the pathogenic characteristics of emotions:Liu Wansu believes that excessive emotions will hurt the essence of its internal organs.The symptoms and diseases caused by emotions almost relate to fire and heat.And the emotions can lead to the imbalance of Qi and blood.In terms of treatment:In the treatment of anger and related diseases,Liu Wansu focuses on nourishing Yin,calming the heart,removing heat from the liver,and calming the liver.Ginseng,Red Poria,Polygala,Peony and Ophiopogon japonicus are the most commonly used medicines.The most commonly used property of medicine is slightly cold,and the proportion of cold and warm is similar.The most commonly used tastes are sweet,bitter,pungent and slightly bitter.In the treatment of shock and related diseases,Liu Wansu focuses on clearing away heat,purging intense fire,purging,nourishing Yin,calming heart.Rhubarb,Licorice,Scutellaria,Talcum and Mirabilite are the most commonly used medicines.The most commonly used property of medicine is cold,accompanied by a small amount of warm.The most commonly used tastes are bitter,pungent and sweet.In the treatment of annoyance related diseases,Liu Wansu focuses on clearing away heat,purging intense fire,purging,dispelling heat,nourishing Yin,nourishing blood,calming heart.Licorice,Rhubarb,Gardenia,Scutellaria,Ginseng,Gypsum and Ginger are the most commonly used medicines.The most commonly used property of medicine is cold.At the same time,it is accompanied by a small amount of warm medicines.The most commonly used tastes are bitter,sweet and pungent.In terms of emotional health preservation:Liu Wansu emphasizes understanding people’s desire through dreams,and desire is the scourge of the way of health preservation.Those who are good at health preservation should be far away of desire and not be disturbed by desire.At the same time,he emphasizes adapting to the four seasons to adjust our mind.[Conclusion]The emotional academic thoughts of Liu Wansu focus on the pathogenesis of abnormal emotions and related diseases,highlighting the theory of five elements and the system of restraining excessiveness to acquire harmony.The emotional academic thoughts of Liu Wansu highlight the important role of heart-fire and kidney-water in abnormal emotions and related diseases.Liu Wansu focuses on clearing away heat and purging intense fire in the in treatment of abnormal emotions and related diseases,and uses methods such as dispelling and purging to clear away heat.At the same time,he also uses warm medicines and tonic medicines.This study takes the emotional academic thoughts of Liu Wansu as the breakthrough point,further expands the pathogenesis of abnormal emotions and related diseases,and provides ideas for the clinical treatment of abnormal emotions and related diseases.