Acoustic Analysis Of Chinese Tone Bias In Cambodian Primary School Students

As a non-tonal language in the Mon-Khmer language family,unlike Chinese tones,Cambodian has no distinguishing effect on pitch changes,which makes Cambodian primary school students often have various biases in Chinese tone acquisition.To this end,we adopted the research method of experimental phonetics,analyzed and compared the tone pronunciation of 90 Cambodian primary school students and 5 native Chinese speakers,and put forward targeted suggestions for improving tone teaching on the basis of describing bias and exploring the causes.In order to systematically investigate the students’ Chinese tone bias,the 3800single-character tone,1520 double-character tone and 1260 pitch inflection pronunciation samples obtained by the experiment were first divided into the beginner group,intermediate group,advanced group and mother tongue group according to the length of Chinese learning time and mother tongue category.Secondly,the "MiniSpeech Lab" and Excel were used to measure the fundamental frequency value of each group of samples,convert the value,and draw a pronunciation map.Finally,through the internal longitudinal comparison of the three experimental groups of junior high school and high school,and the horizontal comparison of the experimental group and the native language group,the tone bias was found.It is found that Cambodian primary school students have up-tone bias and four types of tonal range bias in terms of single-word tone,and the negative migration of mother tongue and target language is the main reason.In terms of double-character tone,there is a bias in the pre-tone type of yin ping,which is mainly caused by information processing methods and teaching methods.In terms of pitch change,there is a general bias of substituting the tone for pitch change,which is mainly caused by the implicit teaching and the lack of Chinese standard tuning.According to the causes of bias,and comprehensively considering the level of teachers and teaching facilities in Cambodian primary schools,it is believed that in single-character teaching,emphasis should be placed on strengthening students’ complete tone awareness and providing them with moderate negative input.In the face of double-character tone bias,key exercise projects can be set up in stages to accelerate the realization of automatic information processing,and at the same time,make full use of the minimum contrast of single and double character tone to explain and practice;In order to improve students’ pitch change pronunciation level,the role of frequency should be played to promote learning,and the teaching order of "yang qu yin shang" should be followed.