| ObjectiveTo investigate the awareness and attitude of the transplant-related population towards renal xenotransplantation,and to clarify the main influencing factors on people’s acceptance of renal xenotransplantation,providing reference and theoretical basis for the future development of xenotransplantation technology and the future improvement of support for renal xenotransplantation.MethodsFrom June 2022 to January 2023,stratified random sampling was conducted on patients waiting for renal allotransplantation,patients after renal allotransplantation,patients’families,and medical students in Hainan Province.400 people were selected from each group,and a total of 1,600 people were self-made questionnaire survey.The questionnaire contents included three parts:basic information,awareness of renal xenotransplantation,and attitude towards renal xenotransplantation.A total of 1493valid questionnaires were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS20.0.The description of count data was represented by the component ratio(%).The chi-square test was used to analyze the comparison between the count data groups.Results1.Awareness of renal xenotransplantation:The overall awareness rate of interviewees about renal xenotransplantation was 66.78%,and the postoperative patients(72.55%),patients’families(63.47%),and medical students(77.89%)popularity than the preoperative patients(52.35%)(?~2=62.,P<0.001);Among the respondents who knew renal xenotransplantation,63.59%knew that renal xenotransplantation using pig organs,medical students(71.95%)the known degrees higher than the preoperative patients(53.97%)and patients’families(?~2=22.062,P<0.001).57.47%know renal xenotransplantation has been abroad for clinical trials,medical students(66.01%)the unknown degrees higher than that of preoperative patients(50.79%)and patients’families(50.42%)(?~2=17.514,P=0.001).52.66%knew that the animal organs used in renal xenotransplantation need to be"reformed",and the degree of awareness of this was higher among medical students(63.04%)and postoperative patients(56.55%)than preoperative patients(36.51%)(?~2=36.654,P<0.001);67.70%know after renal xenotransplantation need long-term medication,postoperative patients(84.64%)the known degrees higher than that of preoperative patients(64.02%),patients’families(65.55%)and medical students(56.77%)(?~2=53.300,P<0.001);The interviewees’knowledge about renal xenotransplantation was obtained mainly from the Internet and then from talking with others.2.Factors influencing of the awareness:In the question of"whether they have heard of renal xenotransplantation",997 respondents chose"better understand"or"know something",and 496 respondents chose"have not heard"to conduct univariate and multivariate analysis.Univariate analysis showed that age,education level,whether there were medical relatives,and whether they could receive allograft were correlated with the awareness of renal xenotransplantation(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the awareness degree of respondents aged 18～29 was higher than that of respondents aged 60 or above(OR=0.205,95%CI:0.126-0.331),and the awareness degree of respondents with a junior college or bachelor’s degree was higher than that of respondents with high school degree or below(OR=1.920,95%CI:1.478-2.493),those who could receive the renal allograft had a higher awareness than those who could not(OR=1.960,95%CI:1.284-2.993).3.Attitudes towards renal xenotransplantation:Among 1,493 respondents,795(53.25%)said they could accept renal xenotransplantation when renal xenotransplantation and renal allotransplantation had the same results and risks,while698(47.57%)said they could not or were not sure whether they could accept renal xenotransplantation.The acceptance of the postoperative patients(58.97%)was higher than that of preoperative patients(48.20%),and families(47.73%)(?~2=16.409,P=0.001).The 698 respondents who were temporarily unable to receive xenograft said When the renal allotransplantation conditions are not met,said 19.51%of the medical students can accept renal xenotransplantation,acceptance is higher than the preoperative(9.09%),postoperative patients(7.95%)and their families(7.65%)(?~2=16.347,P=0.001).In renal xenotransplantation has a smaller risk and better prognosis,30.48%of preoperative patients,40.40%of the postoperative patients,32.65%of patients’families and 41.46%of medical students said they could accept,the acceptance of no significant difference between groups(?~2=6.822,P>0.05);In renal xenotransplantation waiting time is more short,preoperative patients(25.13%),and families(26.02%)of the acceptance of the above medical students(10.98%)(?~2=14.719,P<0.05).In renal xenotransplantation spend less,preoperative patients(31.02%,families(28.06%)acceptance of the above,and medical students(14.63%)(?~2=14.588,P<0.05).The main reasons for not accepting renal xenotransplantation were fear of risk and unknown risk.4.Factors influencing of the attitudes:Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on 795 subjects who received renal xenotransplantation and 698 subjects who did not receive renal xenotransplantation.In the univariate analysis,Factors such as age,long-term residence,education level,acceptance of renal allotransplantation,and hearing of renal xenotransplantation were correlated with respondents’acceptance of renal xenotransplantation(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the acceptances of respondents who lived in urban areas for a long time were higher than those in rural areas(OR=1.493,95%CI:1.182-1.886),and the acceptance of those who could accept the renal allotransplantation was higher than those who could not(OR=3.912,95%CI:2.374～6.447),the acceptances of respondents who knew renal xenotransplantation were higher than those who did not know renal xenotransplantation(OR=2.580,95%CI:2.038～3.266).Conclusions1.Respondents have a certain degree of knowledge about renal xenotransplantation.The main factors influencing the respondents’awareness of renal xenotransplantation were age,education level,and whether they could receive the renal allotransplantation.2.The overall acceptability of the respondents to renal xenotransplantation was good,and the acceptability of postoperative patients and medical students was higher than that of preoperative patients and their families.Patients and their families were more positive when the cost of renal xenotransplantation was lower and the waiting time was shorter,while medical students were more positive When the renal allotransplantation is not met.3.The main factors affecting the respondents’attitude towards renal xenotransplantation were the long-term living place,whether they could receive renal allotransplantation,and whether they knew renal xenotransplantation.4.The respondents mainly know about renal xenotransplantation through the Internet,and the main reason why they cannot accept renal xenotransplantation is that they are worried about surgical risks and other unknown risks.Therefore,actively promoting the research of renal xenotransplantation and popularizing science online is the main way to improve awareness and attitudes. |
