Research On The Implementation,Cognition And Willingness Of Farmland Protection Policies In Western Liaoning From The Perspective Of Farmers

In recent years,in the process of policy promulgation and implementation,the country has taken the overall and coordinated development of cultivated land quantity,quality and ecology as the fundamental requirement,and has gradually moved from the pursuit of cultivated land yield to the goal of quantity,quality,and ecology.Farmers are an important subject of farmland protection and play an important role in the implementation of farmland protection policies.The reason for the unsatisfactory effect of the current implementation of the rural farmland protection policy is traced back to the lack of farmers’ support for the farmland protection policy.It is manifested in the deviation of farmers’ cognition of farmland protection policy and the weak willingness to protect farmland.It can be seen that it is of great significance to identify the reasons for the insufficient support of farmers for farmland protection policies and the underlying mechanism of farmers’ willingness to protect farmland.Therefore,based on the relevant laws and regulations issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council,this paper sorts out the policies and regulations of cultivated land protection in Liaoning Province since 2014,and collects a total of 424 questionnaires from Fuxin City and Chaoyang City in western Liaoning Province.After understanding the reasons for the differences in the implementation of cultivated land protection policies in the two cities,a Tobit truncated regression model and a hierarchical regression model were established to explore the direct and indirect influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to protect cultivated land.The current situation of protection and the reasons that affect the willingness to protect cultivated land,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.the result shows:(1)The economic conditions in western Liaoning are unbalanced,and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and the level of farmland infrastructure are average.From the perspective of the basic characteristics of farmers,more than half are over 60 years old,and only one-tenth are under 45 years old,indicating that the aging population in rural areas is common.In western Liaoning,most households are mainly engaged in agriculture,and the agricultural income of rural households is relatively high,but the level of per capita income varies from region to region.When the per capita arable land in the area is small,farmers use more chemical fertilizers and less pesticides.The conditions of agricultural machinery and drainage and irrigation facilities are poor,especially in areas with low agricultural economic level.(2)There are few permanent basic farmland occupations in western Liaoning,the implementation effect of land transfer and farmer-benefiting policy subsidies is average,and the implementation of farmland ecological protection policies is not ideal.From the perspective of the implementation of the cultivated land policy,although some areas with more sloping cultivated land have some deviations in the implementation of the policy of only planting grain crops on the basic farmland advocated by the state,they are all aimed at ensuring grain production capacity.On the whole,there are less cases of uncontrolled occupation and abuse of permanent basic farmland in rural areas.The implementation of the rural subsidy policy to benefit farmers is in general.More than half of farmers believe that straw returning to the field,organic fertilizers,and low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides have not been properly promoted.The implementation of soil protection,ecological planting,promotion of green production technology,and promotion of low-carbon and environmentally friendly lifestyles is relatively good.(3)The age,education level,per capita income of farmers in western Liaoning,the proportion of agricultural income to total income,and pesticide application are the main factors that affect the implementation of cultivated land protection policies.In terms of the influencing factors of the implementation of cultivated land protection policies,the roles of each influencing factor are different.The correlation analysis between the basic characteristics of farmers and the implementation of the farmland protection policy shows that the age of farmers has different directions of influence on the implementation of the farmland protection policy,which is in line with expectations.The educational level of farmers also has different effects on the implementation of cultivated land protection policies,but it is not in line with expectations.The per capita income of farmers is positively correlated with the implementation of the farmland protection policy,which is in line with expectations.The proportion of agricultural income in total income is negatively correlated with the implementation of cultivated land protection policies,which is not in line with expectations.(4)Farmers’ cognition of cultivated land protection in western Liaoning has a greater influence on their willingness,and cognition of cultivated land protection has a mediating effect.In terms of the influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to protect farmland,a Tobit truncated regression model was established for the implementation of farmland protection policies and farmers’ farmland protection cognition and willingness to obtain farmers’ cognition of permanent basic farmland,land circulation and establishment of new management entities.4 indicators of low-toxicity and low-residue chemical fertilizer cognition,and cognition of low-carbon environmental protection and other green lifestyles are public indicators that affect farmers’ willingness to protect cultivated land,which shows that the cognition of cultivated land protection has a greater impact.The mediating effect of farmers’ cognition of cultivated land protection was tested by hierarchical regression model,and the results showed that the mediating effect of farmers’ cognition of cultivated land protection was significant,which provided new ideas for the improvement of farmers’ willingness to protect cultivated land.