Research On Restorative Landscape Evaluation And Landscape Optimization Of Pocket Park In Chongqing

With the construction of urban infrastructure and the development of the information age,the natural environment of cities is constantly decreasing,while people live in a fast-paced and competitive environment,causing various health problems.Especially in the high-density old town,the public space is cramped,and the fragmentation of green space makes the crowd depressed.The pocket park is small in size,convenient in transportation,highly practical and flexible in site selection,and can be mottled and scattered in any public space in the city,becoming one of the most direct places for urban residents to be close to nature,and is an appropriate carrier for studying restorative landscapes.The research object: Chongqing’s Nan’an District is a typical high-density old city center,which was listed by the World Bank as one of the district-level urban renewal projects supported by loans in 2016,and the construction of pocket parks is a key strategic component of its regeneration and development,creating conditions for research.This paper combines inductive overview,qualitative and quantitative analysis to discuss the best design strategies for the restoration of pocket park landscapes.The interaction between "people","scenery" and "place" runs through the research.Starting from the actual restorative behavior of urban residents in pocket parks,combined with relevant cases based on evidence,the characteristics and system elements of restorative landscapes in pocket parks are summarized.The IPA analysis method that increases the user’s psychological expectation value is used to evaluate satisfaction,break through the restoration of the environment itself and focus on "people",and clarify the reasonable optimization direction of the restorative landscape of pocket parks in the South Bank District.Based on this,the environmental images of the pocket park in the South Bank District were used as a research medium to evaluate the degree of subjective restoration.Data were processed using Pearson correlation analysis and one-way ANOVA.Seek the optimal threshold range for landscape features to be optimized for restoration effectiveness.Finally,the following results were obtained from the above qualitative and quantitative studies:(1)there was a strong correlation between aesthetics and recovery,positive correlation between green vision rate and plant species richness and recovery,and negative correlation between recreational and fitness facilities and recovery;(2)The green view rate of open space should reach 30%,and the green view rate of enclosed space should reach 60%;The richer the plant species,the better;The area of entertainment and fitness facilities shall not exceed 6.5% when necessary;The proportion of free activity area was controlled at 17.5%-37.5%;The advent of recreational facilities has significantly improved the resilience of pocket park landscapes.(3)Four principles of landscape restoration optimization of pocket parks in Chongqing were proposed: the principle of natural ecology,the principle of spatial aesthetics,the principle of site suitability,and the principle of behavior inducement;Five optimization strategies were proposed from five aspects: plants,spatial boundaries,spatial types,facilities and management.It expands the social function of pocket parks,and also looks forward to providing a theoretical basis for applying restorative landscapes to small-scale negative spaces in other cities in the future,and providing reference for the optimal design of restorative landscapes of pocket parks in Chongqing’s high-density old urban area in the future.