| In recent years,the level of urbanization in China has increased rapidly,and by the end of 2022,the urbanization rate of China’s permanent resident population had reached 65.22%.The process of urbanization has accelerated the urbanization of agricultural populations,which will bring a large number of people and resources to urban areas.Under these circumstances,disasters in urban areas will cause serious losses.Traditional disaster reduction and prevention measures that tend to focus on post-disaster recovery can no longer meet the needs of current urban development.Building resilient urban areas and achieving pre-disaster defense,disaster reduction during disasters,and post-disaster recovery learning are key measures for future urban disaster reduction and prevention.The geological environment of urban areas in the Wenchuan earthquake zone is complex,and the frequency of earthquake activity and losses caused by earthquakes in recent years rank among the highest in the country.Therefore,improving the network resilience level of urban areas in this region is a necessary measure to reduce urban losses and ensure the stability of the urban system.Urban resilience has been extensively studied,but there are significant differences in the methods and approaches used for resilience assessment,and the selected assessment indicators have limited applicability and are difficult to directly utilize.Therefore,the key to assessing the resilience of urban disaster prevention networks is to determine the assessment methods and select targeted assessment indicators to construct an assessment system.In order to improve the resilience of urban disaster prevention spatial networks in earthquake-prone areas,this study selects the severely affected towns of Weizhou and Yingxiu in the Wenchuan earthquake as research objects.The resilience assessment system for the urban disaster prevention spatial networks in these two towns in 2008 and 2022 is constructed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Delphi method.Based on the assessment results,corresponding optimization strategies are proposed to enhance the resilience of urban disaster prevention spatial networks.This study focuses on the following aspects:(1)Theoretical aspects: Through literature analysis,concepts such as resilience,resilient towns,disaster prevention spatial networks,and resilience of disaster prevention spatial networks are analyzed and defined.By tracing the ancient construction of disaster prevention spatial networks in China,the study summarizes the experience of urban disaster prevention spatial network construction and provides insights into current urban contexts.Based on the vulnerability of urban disaster prevention spatial networks in earthquakes,the study divides them into emergency support space,emergency service space,and refuge space,and characterizes the resilience of urban disaster prevention spatial networks through robustness,redundancy,and rapidity.(2)Construction of the assessment system: Based on the preliminary selection of assessment indicators,the Delphi method is used to refer to expert opinions to determine the final indicators.An assessment indicator system for the resilience of urban disaster prevention spatial networks is constructed,including three objective-level elements,nine criterion-level elements,and 36 indicator-level elements.After the indicators are determined,the Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Delphi method are used to assign weights to the indicators,calculate the weights of each level of indicators,and develop an indicator scoring instructions table,constructing the resilience assessment system for the resilience of urban disaster prevention spatial networks in this study.(3)Case application: The constructed assessment system is applied to evaluate the resilience of the urban disaster prevention spatial networks in Weizhou and Yingxiu towns in 2008 and 2022.The final scores show that the urban disaster prevention spatial network of Weizhou town in 2008 had a score of 32.616,which belongs to the unqualified level,while the score in 2022 was 80.519,belonging to the good level.The urban disaster prevention spatial network of Yingxiu town in 2008 had a score of 26.721,belonging to the unqualified level,while the score in 2022 was 76.540,belonging to the general level.According to the evaluation results,the constructed assessment system demonstrates certain scientific and practical value.The analysis of the results indicates that the resilience of the urban disaster prevention spatial networks in both towns has significantly improved compared to pre-earthquake levels,but there are still some weak areas.Based on field research,targeted optimization strategies are proposed for the urban disaster prevention spatial networks in Weizhou and Yingxiu towns.This study conducts a resilience assessment of the urban disaster prevention spatial networks in Weizhou and Yingxiu towns before and after the earthquake,aiming to improve the seismic disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of urban areas in the Sichuan earthquake zone and provide a new perspective for the research on the resilience of urban disaster prevention spatial networks.The constructed assessment system can be applied to towns with similar geographic environments as Weizhou and Yingxiu towns and has practical value. |
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