Research On The Influence Of Literati Landscape Paintings Of The Yuan Dynasty On The Ming And Qing Dynasties Yellow-stone Rockery Stacking Method

From ancient times to the present,traditional Chinese landscape painting has had a profound influence on the gardening and rockery-stacking activities,on the one hand,landscape painting provides craftsmen with a direct blueprint for rockery-stacking in the form of a picture score;On the other hand,landscape painting,as the carrier of the literati spirit,is an important part of the social and cultural background,pointing out the aesthetic direction for the craftsmen of rockery-stacking.This paper focuses on two major events in the history of Chinese landscape painting and the history of rockery-stacking,namely the maturity of Literati landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty and the rise of yellowstone rockery,and conducts comparative research from the aspects of aesthetics,form,painting method and stacking skills,and argues that Literati landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty had a profound impact on the rise and development of yellow-stone rockery,and on the change of rockery ’s style in end of the Ming Dynasty.Literati landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty changed the delicate courtyard painting style of the Song Dynasty,and got the fond of the literati in the middle and late Ming Dynasty with its ancient,simple,freehand and natural characteristics,and formed the “Nanzong” literati system with the “Four Yuan Families” as the core.The aesthetic of rockery,influenced by the Literati landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty,began to change to natural and simple in the late Ming Dynasty.At the same time,some craftsmen who are also familiar with painting theory seen another aesthetic direction of rockery,from the Literati landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty,and their works were quite artistic conception of Ni、Huang、Wu and Wang.In this context,the appearance of yellow-stone is timely: yellow-stone has a natural color,which can “not distinguish who is stone and who is soil”,which fits the simple and natural nature of Yuan painting;The yellow-stone body block is blunt and sharp,which fits the simple and distant freehand of the Yuan painting;The texture of yellow-stone is like “folding ribbon wrinkling”,which fits the ancient feature of Yuan painting,coupled with social objective factors such as the depletion of Taihu-stone and the reform of the land system in the late Ming Dynasty,which made yellow-stone rockery develop rapidly after the rise of the middle and late Ming Dynasty.At the practical operational level,the yellow-stone rockery theory is secretly in line with the landscape painting method of the literati in the Yuan Dynasty.Taking the painting of the “Four Yuan Families” and the existing yellow-stone rockery as examples,this paper summarizes the four similarities,namely,the half wall of the near mountain and the truncated stream and the valley,the thick ink and the shadow to make thick,the slope foot layers and the thick foot,the folding conversion and the flat in the wonder,strives to summarize the general regularity and find the general relationship between the Literati landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty and the yellow-stone rockery.