Spatial Morphology Of Traditional Villages From The Perspective Of Spatial Genes

As the carrier of traditional Chinese farming culture,traditional village is unique and irreplaceable as an important part of Chinese historical and cultural heritage.However,under the wave of urbanization,the spatial structure and cultural characteristics of traditional villages have been seriously eroded and destroyed.At present,the problems of "formatting" and "randomization" in the planning practice of traditional villages around the country have become increasingly prominent,resulting in the loss of local flavor and regional characteristics of traditional villages.Therefore,it is urgent to explore the systematic composition and internal law of traditional village space,which is also the internal need of the harmonious development of rural society.By referring to biological genetic logic,this paper sorts out the connotation and function relationship between spatial genes and spatial forms of traditional villages,and forms an analysis framework of spatial genes of traditional villages on the basis of constructing the hierarchical system of spatial forms of traditional villages,so as to analyze the internal law of the combination of spatial gene form elements of traditional villages.Yangjiao Water Castle,a typical traditional village,is selected as the object of empirical research.Through field investigation,literature research,questionnaire interview,spatial analysis and other methods to study the spatial morphological characteristics of Yangjiao Water Castle,so as to identify and extract the spatial genes of traditional villages with stability,regionality and inheritance.The results show that the site selection is influenced by the concept of feng shui and safety construction,and the overall shape is compact.The internal structure is dominated by the clan ritual system,which is a group layout of "one week,two axes and multiple cores".The road network is a cross-shaped checkerboard pattern.The streets and alleys are biaxial three-level spatial sequence,and the specific combination types are architecture-street-alley-building,architecture-ditch-street-alley-building,architecture-street-alley-wall and architecture-node-building.Their spatial scales are all small,and the street-alley interface is adapted to local conditions and has various forms.Node space is mainly intersection and ancestral hall space;There are three types of buildings in the fort,namely etiquette,city defense and folk residence.The axial direction of each building shows obvious north-south convergence.The architectural layout is a combination of halls and houses,which are spread out along the hall axis.In the process of spatial gene controlling spatial form expression in traditional villages,natural environment and social and cultural environment also have a key influence on it.Finally,three inheritance strategies of gene continuity,gene transplantation and gene editing were proposed according to the current situation of spatial gene inheritance in Yangjiao Water Castle,in order to provide reference for related practices.