Equity Evaluation Of Layout Of Urban Parks Green Spaces

China has entered a stage of high-quality development,and the main social contradictions have transformed.The people’s attention to social fairness and equity is gradually increasing.Parks and green spaces allow equal and free access for people from all walks of life,playing an important role in social fairness.However,traditional evaluation methods lack consideration for equity and lack scientificity.Therefore,how to evaluate the equity of park green space construction and layout,and solve the spatial allocation problem of park green space,has become a research topic that urgently needs attention.Urban and rural planning,as an important public policy of spatial benefit distribution,should guide and ensure the public welfare of urban parks,thereby safeguarding the rights and interests of all citizens,especially vulnerable groups.Firstly,this article defines relevant concepts and conducts a research review of relevant literature.Research on the equity of park green space layout can be summarized into two dimensions: "spatial equity" and "social equity".This article constructs an evaluation system for the equity of park layout based on these two dimensions.On the one hand,the reachability index is obtained through the Gauss two-step mobile search method,and the reachability index is used to evaluate the regional equality and spatial balance,and the characteristics of the spatial equity dimension are obtained.On the other hand,group equality is evaluated through Lorentz curve,Gini coefficient,and share index,and the spatial distribution pattern of group equality is reflected by location entropy,ultimately obtaining the characteristics of social equity dimension.Secondly,this article selects the main urban area of Jinan City as a case.The research object is determined to be a comprehensive park,community park,specialized park,and amusement park with a scale of over 0.2hm2 and dedicated investment and maintenance.Based on the street population data of the seventh population census,combined with the big data of various open platform,the data of population and park green space were processed,and the spatial distribution characteristics of population and park green space in the main urban area were obtained.This article then evaluates the equity of park layout.In the dimension of spatial equity,the regional equality and spatial balance of various parks and green spaces in the main urban area are low,the reachability of children is lower than the overall level and the distribution is more decentralized,while the reachability of the elderly is higher than the overall level and regional concentration,and low-income groups are significantly disadvantaged.In terms of social equity,park green space resources exhibit uneven distribution among and within groups,and the spatial pattern of park green space at the level of group equality also lacks social equity.Based on the above evaluation results,this article further summarizes the problems of park green spaces in the main urban area of Jinan City,and analyzes the causes of various problems.In terms of total resources,the per capita park green space area in the main urban area is insufficient;In terms of spatial distribution,there are large-scale explicit blind spots and low service level implicit blind spots in the layout of park green spaces;In terms of resource allocation,the allocation of park green space resources among different groups lacks equity.Finally,in response to the above issues and their causes,this article proposes optimization strategies from the perspectives of planning value orientation,formulation and content,implementation and management.Firstly,in terms of value orientation,it is necessary to enhance the equity and scientificity of planning,pay attention to vulnerable groups to enhance equity,update evaluation indicators,and use new methods to enhance scientificity.Secondly,in terms of planning formulation and content,attention should be paid to the overall optimization of park green space layout.For obvious blind areas,the amount of green space should be increased to improve supply capacity;We should optimize the quality of green spaces and improve service levels in response to hidden blind spots;For areas with limited construction and renovation space,the composite use of land and space should be advocated;While improving the layout of park green space,traffic should also be improved to improve reachability.Thirdly,in terms of planning implementation and management,it is necessary to strengthen the operability of the plan,improve the formulation and management mechanisms of the plan,focus on optimizing community parks and amusement parks,attach importance to public participation,and carry out joint law enforcement management from multiple parties.