Multiple Discipline And Relative Autonomy:Research On The Labor Process Of Designated Driver

The chauffeur driving industry flourished in the context of drunk driving criminalization,and then leveraged Internet platforms to become a new form of employment,creating a large number of flexible employment opportunities.At the same time,the chauffeur driving industry is plagued by chaos and need to solve various problems urgently.This study is based on the theory of labor process,combined with Rosa’s discussion on social "acceleration",takes substitute drivers as the research object,explores the labor discipline of the chauffeur driver and the relative autonomy of the chauffeur driver in the interaction with the platform and customers,so as to provide useful suggestions for the formulation of special policies applicable to chauffeur drivers.In this study,eleven chauffeur drivers and two managers were selected from four typical chauffeur platforms in Jinan for in-depth interviews,and random oral interviews were conducted with chauffeur drivers by chance sampling,supplemented by questionnaire survey method,to summarize the labor market and labor conditions of chauffeur drivers in Jinan.It is found that the chauffeur platform enterprises are basically spontaneous development,lack of internal labor market,labor supply is gradually saturated,chauffeur drivers have standardized work processes,chauffeur labor presents low investment and high return,dispersion and multi-party provision of means of production,self-pressure and high occupational risk coexistence,personal accident insurance protection of low level.The main conclusions of this study are as follows: first,substitute drivers are subject to multiple disciplines of working time,working space and labor behavior in specific labor practices,and the three parties of "platform-customer-substitute driver" continuously strengthen this discipline in the labor process,thus forming a labor mechanism of "discipline-strengthening discipline";Second,the substitute driver adopts a "roundabout-active" selective strategy in three aspects: labor rules,labor emotions and labor relations to deal with multiple disciplines,and the lack of internal labor market and imperfect internal state regulation make the chauffeur bear the labor risk and be in employment vulnerability;Third,external factors such as the pressure of the living world and the "acceleration" of modern social mechanisms have become important influencing factors of the labor consent mechanism of substitute drivers,and family responsibilities and huge economic pressure have prompted substitute drivers to constantly self-supervise,self-manage,and produce self-exploitative consent.