The Ethnographic Study Of Liangbao Traditional Village Landscape

In the 1990s,landscape entered the field of anthropological research,and anthropology began to reflect internally,attempting to transcend "writing culture" and discover more meanings from it."Space" and "place" were proposed as the fundamental axes of landscape anthropology research"space" and "place" are not opposed to each other,but complementary.On this basis,anthropologists have proposed another research trend in landscape anthropology-the "production theory" for studying"space" and the "constructivism" for studying "place".The "production theory" advocates observing the shaping of local landscape intentions from an external perspective,thus forming space,that is,"spatial production";Constructivism starts from the perspective of local people,and through their understanding of the local area,constructs a "place" with local cultural characteristics that conforms to production and life,that is,the construction of a "place".This paper takes Liangbao Village,a traditional village in Ningxia,as the research object,and adopts the method of field research to conduct in-depth interviews with the villagers of Liangbao Village and obtain relevant data,so as to conduct ethnography research on the landscape of Liangbao Village:trace the history of Liangbao Village,understand the local customs and folk activities of Liangbao Village;Analyze the site selection,spatial layout,and underlying significance of Liangbao Village;Describe the landscapes of the traditional village of Liangbao-temples,traditional dwellings,ancient trees,springs,and alleys,understand the lives and hearts of the villagers behind the landscapes,and then analyze the cultural significance behind the landscapes;From the perspective of landscape anthropology,this study explores the production of traditional village temples,traditional dwellings,springs,alleys,and other landscapes in Liangbao by governments,experts,scholars,and news media as"others",and the construction of traditional village temples,dwellings,and other landscapes by villagers as village owners,using "space" and "place" as the fundamental axes.In the process of landscape production and construction,due to the complexity of culture,different subjects have different understandings of the landscape:as "others",governments,experts,scholars,news media,etc.pay attention to the protection and significance of the landscape,combining the cultural value and real value of the landscape,while villagers pay more attention to the economic benefits that the construction of the landscape can bring to themselves.As a result,while the villagers accept and agree with the government and others on the landscape production of Liangbao Village,they also have certain contradictions with the government and other "others" due to their own concerns about economic benefits not being met.Therefore,while meeting the cultural and practical significance of landscape production,governments,experts and scholars should also consider combining landscape production with the construction of village landscapes by villagers as village owners,in order to retain the disappearing traditional village landscapes.