The Research On Cultural Landscape Types And Protection Strategies Of Traditional Villages In Youyang,Chongqing

As an important agricultural civilization heritage and rural cultural landscape,traditional villages carry the essence of traditional Chinese culture.Under the background of rural revitalization,their protection and development are the focus of attention.Youyang County is located in the southeast of Chongqing.It is known as ’ the gateway of southeast Chongqing and the throat of Hunan and Guizhou ’.It has a complex natural and geographical environment,significant Tujia ethnic cultural characteristics,and rich cultural landscape remains.It is the county with the largest number of traditional villages in Chongqing.In 2022,it was selected as a demonstration county for the protection and utilization of traditional villages.From the perspective of cultural landscape,this paper takes 59 traditional villages in Youyang as the research object,and establishes the geographic information database of Youyang traditional villages with the help of traditional village archives,satellite images,relevant literature,local chronicles and other data,combined with field research.On this basis,the research is carried out according to the logical framework of "analyzing the influence mechanism and generating background-revealing the characteristics of spatial distribution-delineating the types of cultural landscape-putting forward the corresponding protection and development strategies ".The paper mainly includes four parts :Firstly,the background formation of Youyang traditional village cultural landscape is sorted out from four aspects : natural influence,historical influence,humanistic influence and overall spatial distribution characteristics of the village.The natural influencing factors include three factors : topography,river system and climate characteristics.The historical influencing factors include two factors : institutional evolution and population migration.The humanistic influencing factors include three factors : fengshui concept,ethnic origin and social customs.The overall spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages mainly include spatial distribution type,spatial distribution balance and spatial distribution density.Secondly,the cultural landscape feature database of Youyang traditional villages is constructed.Based on the four principles of authenticity,representativeness,integrity and identifiability,this paper selects seventeen cultural landscape factors,such as topography,landscape pattern,water system basin,relationship between villages and mountains,relationship between villages and water bodies,functional types of villages,village morphology,spatial structure,overall layout,residential plane types,building materials,building roof forms,building orientation,ethnic composition,intangible cultural heritage culture,historical age,historical figures,etc.,and determines the classification and standards of types.Through the methods of literature collection and field investigation,the type attributes of cultural landscape characteristic factors are counted.With the help of Arc GIS and Excel,the quantitative relationship and spatial distribution characteristics of cultural landscape characteristic factors of 59 research village samples are summarized and summarized,and they are intuitively expressed in the form of geographical atlas and charts.Thirdly,the cultural landscape types of Youyang traditional villages are delineated.The combination of qualitative and quantitative methods is adopted,and the expert scoring method is used to assign the indexes of the cultural landscape similarity evaluation system of Youyang traditional villages.Then K-prototypes is used to cluster the villages,and four major cultural landscape types are divided,and the cultural landscape characteristics of each landscape type and its typical villages are deeply analyzed.Finally,the common problems existing in the protection and development of Youyang traditional village cultural landscape are deeply discussed and analyzed,and the overall protection and development strategy is put forward.Based on the four major cultural landscape types,according to the differences of different types of village resources and characteristic advantages,the corresponding protection and development paths are proposed.