| As the main research object,the book of Long Things combined with other life aesthetic bibliography of literati in the late Ming Dynasty to interpret the design of the material life space of literati in the late Ming Dynasty and extract the aesthetic "unit concept" of literati at that time.Based on the text content of "Superfluous Things",this thesis reclassifies and integrates the 12 volumes of Wen Zhenheng’s life material components,namely the room,flowers and trees,water stones,birds and fish,painting and calligraphy,several beds,utensils,locations,clothes and ornaments,boats and carts,vegetables and fruits,and tea in four different Spaces according to different functional living Spaces.The first is the daily living space for literati,including the public space for visitors,the privacy space for daily rest and the practice space for meditation and meditation.It satisfies the basic daily life needs of individuals from the outside to the inside,from the external visitors to the personal rest and the connection with the spiritual world.From the point of view of the aesthetic presentation of the design,it mainly contains the identity of the literati,material function and spiritual pursuit of satisfaction.The second space is the study space of the daily cultural life of the literati.As the space most closely related to the identity of the literati,its material selection and design show restraint and harmony and other aesthetics.From the structure of the architectural space of the study and the arrangement of several indoor couches,as well as the use of furnishings with the connotation of rites and music culture,the space contains the beauty of "artistic conception" composed of non-material elements.Furthermore,in the selection and display of the literati’s "suitable" functional aesthetics and "proper" cultural aesthetics,the "unit concept" appears here.The standard construction and collection method guidance of literati for painting and calligraphy collection is another embodiment of their identity,and the hanging way of painting and calligraphy is also the integration of the consciousness of time and space in the construction of material space.The third space is to meet the requirements of living in the city and traveling in the mountains and forests,including the design and aesthetic expression of the landscape;The literati ideal embodied by the planting of flowers and trees in the garden and the rhythmic shaping of "rhythm" in the static space;And in the garden where people can live and travel,the Angle of sightseeing and viewing is the function of the pavilions and pavilions in the garden.Its aesthetic concept is related to nature,intended to live in the city’s garden environment to create a "picturesque" natural landscape.Finally,it is the construction of the space for the intercourse of literati in the late Ming Dynasty.From the material category described in Annals of Superfluous Things,it can be seen that the collecting and tasting activities and chatting and drinking tea in the intercourse of literati can be seen in it.From the selection criteria of the collection and the material representation of the space arrangement,we can see the aesthetic pursuit of "ancient" contained in it.In the process of going out for social intercourse,the choice of means of transportation and instruments of survival also conveyed their yearning for natural life.Lying in bed provided them with the realization of landscape ideal at the spiritual level when they could not stay in nature.As for the construction of material living space that is not suitable for the identity of literati,he tried his must to criticize it,so as to build a social field that conforms to the identity of literati and has the identity of group culture.Different space construction division,the material selection and design interpretation,and then extract its aesthetic concept;It can be seen that the aesthetic "unit concept" in the material composition of different living Spaces is also presented differently according to the functional orientation of the space.The social environment and cultural trend of thought,the literati thought of the design from the representation of nature to the guidance of nature,the design of the focus on human subjectivity is the late Ming literati in the construction of material space core ideas. |
