Comprehensive Evaluation Of Ecological Environment Quality Of Jingwei Wetland From A Multi-dimensional Perspective

The Jingwei Wetland Nature Reserve is located in the northern suburbs of Xi’an,with a dense water network in the region.The Jing River,Wei River,and Ba River converge here.It is an important regulator of Xi’an’s ecological environment.Its natural conditions provide an excellent environment for the city’s social development.With the rise of tourism,Xi’an has become a popular tourist destination in China and around the world.While this will bring significant economic benefits,it will also put immense pressure on the region’s ecological environment.As the "Kidney of Xi’an",the Jingwei Wetland must take greater responsibility for ecological regulation.In order to strike a balance between the development of Xi’an and its ecological environment,promote sustainable development,and formulate policies and measures for ecological environmental protection.It is necessary to assess the ecological environmental quality of the Jingwei Wetland must be evaluated,and its current status.This study evaluates and analyzes the ecological status of the Jingwei Wetland using land use types and wetland-related environmental and development data from 2020.The evaluation is based on three perspectives: ecological environment status,ecosystem risks,and ecosystem service functions.By evaluating the ecological environment status and ecosystem risks of the wetland,the study determines the ecological environment quality grade of the wetland.Furthermore,based on the evaluation results of the ecological environment status and ecosystem risks,the study compares the utilization of the wetland ecosystem service functions and analyzes the shortcomings and existing problems of wetland development.Finally,the study proposes corresponding development suggestions for the construction of the Jingwei Wetland in Xi’an,providing a reference for the government to formulate relevant policies and development plans.The research findings are as follows:(1)The ecological environment of Jingwei wetland was evaluated using the "Technical Specifications for Ecological Environment Condition Assessment" based on six factors:biological richness,vegetation coverage,water resources abundance,intensity of land stress,pressure of pollutants carried,and area suitability.The ecological environment condition index of the Jingwei wetland was 77,indicating an overall excellent ecological environment condition level,which is the highest level of environmental assessment results.(2)The study used the PSR model and Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation methods to assess the ecological system risk of the Jingwei wetland.The weight values of the pressure,state,and response layers were 0.23,0.65,and0.12,respectively.The pressure layer risk assessment index was 0.85,indicating no risk state.The state layer risk assessment index was 0.73,indicating low risk,and the response layer risk assessment index was 0.56,indicating a medium risk.The ecological system risk index of the Jingwei wetland was 0.74,which approached the highest level of environmental assessment results.The most significant limiting factor for the Jingwei wetland was the low environmental investment index,and water quality was a major constraint to its development.(3)The study employed appropriate evaluation methods to assess the various factors of the ecological service function of the Jingwei wetland,estimate the economic value of the overall ecosystem service function of the Jingwei wetland,and calculate the value of each evaluation factor of the ecological system service function of the Jingwei wetland.Results showed that the Jingwei wetland could produce ecosystem service functions worth 184.9296 million yuan in one year.The order of functional values was regulation service > supply service > cultural service > supporting service,with proportions of 58.84%,29.32%,8.1%,and 3.74%,respectively.The development of the Jingwei wetland’s functions mainly focused on basic functions,which were passive use functions.Human factors have not been reflected in the transformation of the wetland.The development and utilization of leisure and entertainment,scientific research value,and other functions that can meet people’s higher living standards account for a low proportion,and the wetland’s inherent potential has not been fully tapped.(4)From the comprehensive evaluation of the three assessments,it can be concluded that the Jingwei wetland has been effective in regulating pollutant degradation but has also been a significant contributor to water environmental pollution.The low environmental investment index of the Jingwei wetland has resulted in poor water quality improvement,and the cultural service and supporting service functions of the wetland have not been adequately developed and utilized.Therefore,it is necessary to increase the sewage discharge standards,improve the water quality of the wetland,increase investment in environmental protection,and develop and utilize the ecological service functions of the Jingwei wetland more effectively to realize its inherent potential.Through a comparison and analysis of the index values of the three evaluation systems,the study identified the factors influencing the current ecological environment quality status of the Jingwei wetland.The three evaluations,conducted from different perspectives,provided a more comprehensive and systematic reflection of the Jingwei wetland’s ecological environment quality status.The study results have significant guiding implications for the ecological environment protection and planning of the Jingwei wetland.