Study On Spatial Evolution And Optimization Of "Production-Living-Ecological" Space In Haotang Village Of Xinyang City In The Process Of Rural Tourism Development

With the development of the society and economy,rural tourism has flourished in recent years,characterized by experiencing rural life to learn about rural cultural customs,appreciating rural natural scenery,promoting rural revitalization,and building an ecological civilization system.In the context of rural revitalization and ecological civilization system construction,scientific and reasonable planning of production,living and ecological space has become a strategic requirement of spatial planning.Haotang Village in the City of Xinyang,a typical mountainous village in the south of Henan Province,has transformed its social and economic structure due to the rapid development of rural tourism.The traditional production,living,and ecological spaces have rapidly integrated.Also,new forms of compound spaces have emerged.However,with the gradual increase in the number of tourists,the village has encountered some problems in the spatial evolution process.Thus,it is urgent and necessary to seek scientific spatial optimization paths to promote the development of the village.Based on relevant concepts and theories,this article summarizes the development of tourism in Haotang Village through field research,questionnaire surveys,GIS spatial analysis,and literature research.It analyzes the "Production-Living-Ecological" spatial evolution process,explores the driving mechanisms of the spatial evolution,identifies existing spatial problems,and proposes a spatial reconstruction path to promote sustainable tourism development in the village.The main conclusions are as follows:First,Since 2011,Haotang Village has been developing tourism,initially led by the local government,with the launch of characteristic projects,gradually forming tourist attractions that appealed to a few nearby visitors.From 2013 to 2017,local villagers gradually benefited from tourism,which made them soak themselves in the tourist industry in succession,and the tourism of Haotang village entered the development stage.After 2017,the development of tourism in Haotang Village has gradually professionalized and entered the stage of promotion.Second,In the process of rural tourism development,The spatial types of Haotang village can be divided into five types: production space,living space,ecological space,living-production space and ecological-production space.Using GIS spatial analysis,the main spatial evolution characteristics of Haotang Village were found to be: a sharp decrease in ecological space and a shift towards production space;a significant shift from production space to ecology-production space;and the integration and development of new compound spaces.Third,Haotang Village’s spatial evolution is the result of the comprehensive factors.The internal driving forces include its rich natural and humanistic resources,convenient transportation,and villagers’ autonomous behavior to obtain economic benefits.The external driving forces include strong market demand for rural tourism,the support and guidance of government,etc.In the end,the study found that the village of Haotang has several issues with its "Production-Living-Ecological" spaces.The production space has low output efficiency and a lagging secondary industry development.The living space requires improvement in terms of quality,and public transport facilities are inadequate.The ecological space is decreasing in area,and there is a lack of awareness about ecological conservation.Furthermore,the quality of composite space tourism products needs to be improved,and there is a lack of competitive advantages in tourism development.Based on this,a spatial optimization path is proposed to promote the development of tourism in Haotang Village from the perspective of the "Production-Living-Ecological" space.